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            <title><![CDATA[三大电影运动]]></title>
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            <description><![CDATA[在电影史上，有几个电影运动因其创新性、影响力以及对后世电影制作和电影语言的深远改变而被广泛认可。虽然“三大”的说法可能因评价标准和视角不同略有差异，但以下三个电影运动通常被认为是具有里程碑意义的，并且经常一起被提及：]]></description>
            <content:encoded><![CDATA[<div id="notion-article" class="mx-auto overflow-hidden "><main class="notion light-mode notion-page notion-block-6f0635b9271c839c9b9f017ff41a013a"><div class="notion-viewport"></div><div class="notion-collection-page-properties"></div><blockquote class="notion-quote notion-block-367635b9271c802a8364f4642eca3457"><div>在电影史上，有几个电影运动因其创新性、影响力以及对后世电影制作和电影语言的深远改变而被广泛认可。虽然“三大”的说法可能因评价标准和视角不同略有差异，但以下三个电影运动通常被认为是具有里程碑意义的，并且经常一起被提及：</div></blockquote><h2 class="notion-h notion-h1 notion-h-indent-0 notion-block-367635b9271c8057be9dc5d65ec7aadd" data-id="367635b9271c8057be9dc5d65ec7aadd"><span><div id="367635b9271c8057be9dc5d65ec7aadd" class="notion-header-anchor"></div><a class="notion-hash-link" href="#367635b9271c8057be9dc5d65ec7aadd" title="德国表现主义 (German Expressionism)"><svg viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16" height="16"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M7.775 3.275a.75.75 0 001.06 1.06l1.25-1.25a2 2 0 112.83 2.83l-2.5 2.5a2 2 0 01-2.83 0 .75.75 0 00-1.06 1.06 3.5 3.5 0 004.95 0l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95-4.95l-1.25 1.25zm-4.69 9.64a2 2 0 010-2.83l2.5-2.5a2 2 0 012.83 0 .75.75 0 001.06-1.06 3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95 0l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 004.95 4.95l1.25-1.25a.75.75 0 00-1.06-1.06l-1.25 1.25a2 2 0 01-2.83 0z"></path></svg></a><span class="notion-h-title"><b>德国表现主义 (German Expressionism)</b></span></span></h2><div class="notion-text notion-block-367635b9271c80e68dbac49d67ba4ea5"><b>时间：</b> 约1919年 - 1926年</div><div class="notion-text notion-block-367635b9271c80b4aa6ae497cea5ba3e"><b>核心思想：</b> 电影的使命并非客观地记录现实，而是要<b>表现人物的内心世界和主观情绪</b>。通过扭曲、夸张的视觉元素，将角色的精神状态（如恐惧、疯狂、焦虑）外化为观众可见的影像。</div><h3 class="notion-h notion-h2 notion-h-indent-1 notion-block-367635b9271c80c4a951cf4e556677b8" data-id="367635b9271c80c4a951cf4e556677b8"><span><div id="367635b9271c80c4a951cf4e556677b8" class="notion-header-anchor"></div><a class="notion-hash-link" href="#367635b9271c80c4a951cf4e556677b8" title="时代背景🎬"><svg viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16" height="16"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M7.775 3.275a.75.75 0 001.06 1.06l1.25-1.25a2 2 0 112.83 2.83l-2.5 2.5a2 2 0 01-2.83 0 .75.75 0 00-1.06 1.06 3.5 3.5 0 004.95 0l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95-4.95l-1.25 1.25zm-4.69 9.64a2 2 0 010-2.83l2.5-2.5a2 2 0 012.83 0 .75.75 0 001.06-1.06 3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95 0l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 004.95 4.95l1.25-1.25a.75.75 0 00-1.06-1.06l-1.25 1.25a2 2 0 01-2.83 0z"></path></svg></a><span class="notion-h-title"><b>时代背景🎬</b></span></span></h3><div class="notion-text notion-block-367635b9271c801f9acacc90d809b3f1">第一次世界大战后，德国作为战败国，社会动荡、经济崩溃、民心惶惶。民众普遍充满了对现实的失望、对未来的恐惧和精神上的创伤。这种集体性的焦虑和压抑情绪，催生了表现主义这一强调内心、逃避现实的艺术形式。</div><h3 class="notion-h notion-h2 notion-h-indent-1 notion-block-367635b9271c801e9378ded6c4694ff4" data-id="367635b9271c801e9378ded6c4694ff4"><span><div id="367635b9271c801e9378ded6c4694ff4" class="notion-header-anchor"></div><a class="notion-hash-link" href="#367635b9271c801e9378ded6c4694ff4" title="艺术特点💫"><svg viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16" height="16"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M7.775 3.275a.75.75 0 001.06 1.06l1.25-1.25a2 2 0 112.83 2.83l-2.5 2.5a2 2 0 01-2.83 0 .75.75 0 00-1.06 1.06 3.5 3.5 0 004.95 0l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95-4.95l-1.25 1.25zm-4.69 9.64a2 2 0 010-2.83l2.5-2.5a2 2 0 012.83 0 .75.75 0 001.06-1.06 3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95 0l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 004.95 4.95l1.25-1.25a.75.75 0 00-1.06-1.06l-1.25 1.25a2 2 0 01-2.83 0z"></path></svg></a><span class="notion-h-title"><b>艺术特点💫</b></span></span></h3><div class="notion-text notion-block-367635b9271c80d59063d36009092bfc"><b>怪诞的视觉风格：</b> 布景极度扭曲，使用倾斜的线条、奇形怪状的建筑和不合比例的道具，营造出一个噩梦般的世界。</div><div class="notion-text notion-block-367635b9271c80b39dfdd295d7dd9b3a"><b>强烈的光影对比：</b> 锐利的棱角、扭曲的线条、强烈的明暗对比（chiaroscuro）、倾斜或不稳定的构图、巨大的阴影（常具有生命力，能独立于角色存在）。布景是影片叙事的核心组成部分，而非仅仅是背景。</div><div class="notion-text notion-block-367635b9271c80a9b80ff48e24189b41"><b>夸张的表演方式：</b> 拒绝现实主义，刻意追求扭曲变形、高度风格化的视觉表现。演员的表演风格舞台化、模式化，通过大幅度的肢体语言和面部表情来传达极端的情绪（恐惧、焦虑、疯狂、欲望）和精神状态。</div><div class="notion-text notion-block-367635b9271c800b88d6d0447f25ae67"><b>主题黑暗深刻：</b> 故事多涉及疯狂、谋杀、催眠、暴政、身份错乱等主题，探索人性的阴暗面和心理的深渊。反映了第一次世界大战后德国社会普遍的焦虑、不安和精神创伤。</div><h3 class="notion-h notion-h2 notion-h-indent-1 notion-block-367635b9271c809682f7c705fe579f60" data-id="367635b9271c809682f7c705fe579f60"><span><div id="367635b9271c809682f7c705fe579f60" class="notion-header-anchor"></div><a class="notion-hash-link" href="#367635b9271c809682f7c705fe579f60" title="代表人物与作品👩‍🎓"><svg viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16" height="16"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M7.775 3.275a.75.75 0 001.06 1.06l1.25-1.25a2 2 0 112.83 2.83l-2.5 2.5a2 2 0 01-2.83 0 .75.75 0 00-1.06 1.06 3.5 3.5 0 004.95 0l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95-4.95l-1.25 1.25zm-4.69 9.64a2 2 0 010-2.83l2.5-2.5a2 2 0 012.83 0 .75.75 0 001.06-1.06 3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95 0l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 004.95 4.95l1.25-1.25a.75.75 0 00-1.06-1.06l-1.25 1.25a2 2 0 01-2.83 0z"></path></svg></a><span class="notion-h-title"><b>代表人物与作品👩‍🎓</b></span></span></h3><div class="notion-text notion-block-367635b9271c80f18f33ea58d65484d0"><b>罗伯特·维内 (Robert Wiene)</b>：《卡里加里博士的小屋》(Das Cabinet des Dr. Caligari, 1920) - 被誉为表现主义的开山之作，其怪异的美术设计和对疯狂心理的探索成为典范。</div><div class="notion-text notion-block-367635b9271c802ca325efd89edf23c9"><b><a class="notion-link" href="https://movie.douban.com/subject/1292547/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">豆瓣-卡里加里博士的小屋</a></b></div><div class="notion-text notion-block-367635b9271c809799f1ef0b5efdf235"><b>F.W. 茂瑙 (F.W. Murnau)</b>：《诺斯费拉图》(Nosferatu, 1922) - 经典的吸血鬼电影，将表现主义的光影技巧运用到极致，营造出无与伦比的恐怖氛围。</div><div class="notion-text notion-block-367635b9271c80fc8ae0cd6d412ec976"><b><a class="notion-link" href="https://movie.douban.com/subject/1296791/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">豆瓣-诺斯费拉图</a></b></div><div class="notion-text notion-block-367635b9271c80bba975cc5ce2e5f976"><b>弗里茨·朗 (Fritz Lang)</b>：《大都会》(Metropolis, 1927) - 融合了表现主义和未来主义的科幻巨作，其宏大的布景和对阶级矛盾的探讨影响深远。</div><div class="notion-text notion-block-367635b9271c8089bf57c5dd5e89855e"><b><a class="notion-link" href="https://movie.douban.com/subject/1298107/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">豆瓣-大都会</a></b></div><h3 class="notion-h notion-h2 notion-h-indent-1 notion-block-367635b9271c800b8d16c7d7ed34e433" data-id="367635b9271c800b8d16c7d7ed34e433"><span><div id="367635b9271c800b8d16c7d7ed34e433" class="notion-header-anchor"></div><a class="notion-hash-link" href="#367635b9271c800b8d16c7d7ed34e433" title="深远影响🏂"><svg viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16" height="16"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M7.775 3.275a.75.75 0 001.06 1.06l1.25-1.25a2 2 0 112.83 2.83l-2.5 2.5a2 2 0 01-2.83 0 .75.75 0 00-1.06 1.06 3.5 3.5 0 004.95 0l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95-4.95l-1.25 1.25zm-4.69 9.64a2 2 0 010-2.83l2.5-2.5a2 2 0 012.83 0 .75.75 0 001.06-1.06 3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95 0l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 004.95 4.95l1.25-1.25a.75.75 0 00-1.06-1.06l-1.25 1.25a2 2 0 01-2.83 0z"></path></svg></a><span class="notion-h-title"><b>深远影响🏂</b></span></span></h3><div class="notion-text notion-block-367635b9271c80f38ce8e74b25e02bd8">德国表现主义直接催生了<b>美国黑色电影 (Film Noir)</b> 的视觉风格，并深刻影响了后来的<b>恐怖片</b>和<b>科幻片</b>。蒂姆·波顿 (Tim Burton) 的哥特式美学、大卫·林奇 (David Lynch) 的超现实影像，都能看到其影子。- 对电影美术设计的艺术性和表意功能达到了前所未有的高度。</div><h2 class="notion-h notion-h1 notion-h-indent-0 notion-block-367635b9271c80388c22dc782b543b63" data-id="367635b9271c80388c22dc782b543b63"><span><div id="367635b9271c80388c22dc782b543b63" class="notion-header-anchor"></div><a class="notion-hash-link" href="#367635b9271c80388c22dc782b543b63" title="苏联蒙太奇 (Soviet Montage)"><svg viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16" height="16"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M7.775 3.275a.75.75 0 001.06 1.06l1.25-1.25a2 2 0 112.83 2.83l-2.5 2.5a2 2 0 01-2.83 0 .75.75 0 00-1.06 1.06 3.5 3.5 0 004.95 0l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95-4.95l-1.25 1.25zm-4.69 9.64a2 2 0 010-2.83l2.5-2.5a2 2 0 012.83 0 .75.75 0 001.06-1.06 3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95 0l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 004.95 4.95l1.25-1.25a.75.75 0 00-1.06-1.06l-1.25 1.25a2 2 0 01-2.83 0z"></path></svg></a><span class="notion-h-title"><b>苏联蒙太奇 (Soviet Montage)</b></span></span></h2><div class="notion-text notion-block-367635b9271c800c83f0d35afa114229"><b>约1924年 - 1930年</b></div><div class="notion-text notion-block-367635b9271c800baf92cea33620bfa2"><b>核心思想：</b> <b>电影的精髓在于剪辑</b>。单个镜头本身意义有限，而将不同的镜头并置、冲撞、组合在一起，才能创造出新的、更深刻的意义，从而引导观众的情感和思想。</div><h3 class="notion-h notion-h2 notion-h-indent-1 notion-block-367635b9271c8025b67cecf5e9fd4a53" data-id="367635b9271c8025b67cecf5e9fd4a53"><span><div id="367635b9271c8025b67cecf5e9fd4a53" class="notion-header-anchor"></div><a class="notion-hash-link" href="#367635b9271c8025b67cecf5e9fd4a53" title="时代背景🎬"><svg viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16" height="16"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M7.775 3.275a.75.75 0 001.06 1.06l1.25-1.25a2 2 0 112.83 2.83l-2.5 2.5a2 2 0 01-2.83 0 .75.75 0 00-1.06 1.06 3.5 3.5 0 004.95 0l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95-4.95l-1.25 1.25zm-4.69 9.64a2 2 0 010-2.83l2.5-2.5a2 2 0 012.83 0 .75.75 0 001.06-1.06 3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95 0l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 004.95 4.95l1.25-1.25a.75.75 0 00-1.06-1.06l-1.25 1.25a2 2 0 01-2.83 0z"></path></svg></a><span class="notion-h-title"><b>时代背景🎬</b></span></span></h3><div class="notion-text notion-block-367635b9271c80ebae03e60d84f6275b">1917年十月革命后，新生的苏维埃政权急需一种强大的宣传工具来教育和动员广大不识字的民众。列宁曾说：“在所有的艺术中，电影对我们来说是最重要的。”电影被赋予了强烈的政治使命和宣传功能。</div><h3 class="notion-h notion-h2 notion-h-indent-1 notion-block-367635b9271c8098ab3ccb318bc18bad" data-id="367635b9271c8098ab3ccb318bc18bad"><span><div id="367635b9271c8098ab3ccb318bc18bad" class="notion-header-anchor"></div><a class="notion-hash-link" href="#367635b9271c8098ab3ccb318bc18bad" title="艺术特点💫"><svg viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16" height="16"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M7.775 3.275a.75.75 0 001.06 1.06l1.25-1.25a2 2 0 112.83 2.83l-2.5 2.5a2 2 0 01-2.83 0 .75.75 0 00-1.06 1.06 3.5 3.5 0 004.95 0l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95-4.95l-1.25 1.25zm-4.69 9.64a2 2 0 010-2.83l2.5-2.5a2 2 0 012.83 0 .75.75 0 001.06-1.06 3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95 0l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 004.95 4.95l1.25-1.25a.75.75 0 00-1.06-1.06l-1.25 1.25a2 2 0 01-2.83 0z"></path></svg></a><span class="notion-h-title"><b>艺术特点💫</b></span></span></h3><div class="notion-text notion-block-367635b9271c80c99d10cfff93f3d948"><em>剪辑至上</em>：认为电影的核心和力量不在于单个镜头的内容，而在于镜头之间的组合（即蒙太奇）。通过剪辑创造出新的含义、节奏、情绪和思想。</div><div class="notion-text notion-block-367635b9271c8094ad87f62b469b166d">“<em>库里肖夫效应</em>”： 列夫·库里肖夫的实验证明，一个中性表情的镜头，与不同的镜头并置，观众会解读出完全不同的情绪（如演员面无表情的脸 + 一碗汤 = 饥饿；同一张脸 + 棺材 = 悲伤）。这证明了观众赋予前后相连镜头的意义是由剪辑关系本身创造的。</div><div class="notion-text notion-block-367635b9271c80dfa878f75c816ca072"><b>爱森斯坦的“理性/吸引力蒙太奇”</b>：谢尔盖·爱森斯坦提出，镜头之间不应是简单的连接，而应是“冲撞”。通过将两个不相干的镜头并列，可以产生一个全新的、抽象的概念，从而激发观众的理性思考。（如A镜头与B镜头产生碰撞）能产生新的思想（C概念），是为“理性蒙太奇”。追求冲击性的视觉和情绪效果来感染和引导观众（“吸引力蒙太奇”）。</div><div class="notion-text notion-block-367635b9271c808580a3fc2f1ae71bd7"><b>普多夫金的“叙事/联结蒙太奇”</b>：更侧重叙事的流畅性和情感的累积，镜头像积木一样堆叠连接。注重演员表演的连续性。</div><div class="notion-text notion-block-367635b9271c80c0a128d71d49712248"><b>非个人英雄主义：</b> 影片主角通常是集体（如人民、水手、工人），强调阶级和群众的力量，而非个人英雄。</div><h3 class="notion-h notion-h2 notion-h-indent-1 notion-block-367635b9271c80d5a99df154ca41d80f" data-id="367635b9271c80d5a99df154ca41d80f"><span><div id="367635b9271c80d5a99df154ca41d80f" class="notion-header-anchor"></div><a class="notion-hash-link" href="#367635b9271c80d5a99df154ca41d80f" title="代表人物与作品👩‍🎓"><svg viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16" height="16"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M7.775 3.275a.75.75 0 001.06 1.06l1.25-1.25a2 2 0 112.83 2.83l-2.5 2.5a2 2 0 01-2.83 0 .75.75 0 00-1.06 1.06 3.5 3.5 0 004.95 0l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95-4.95l-1.25 1.25zm-4.69 9.64a2 2 0 010-2.83l2.5-2.5a2 2 0 012.83 0 .75.75 0 001.06-1.06 3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95 0l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 004.95 4.95l1.25-1.25a.75.75 0 00-1.06-1.06l-1.25 1.25a2 2 0 01-2.83 0z"></path></svg></a><span class="notion-h-title"><b>代表人物与作品👩‍🎓</b></span></span></h3><div class="notion-text notion-block-367635b9271c8054840fe3ca672c9b29"><b>谢尔盖·爱森斯坦 (Sergei Eisenstein)</b>：《战舰波将金号》(Battleship Potemkin, 1925) - 其中的“敖德萨阶梯”段落是影史上最著名的蒙太奇范例，通过交叉剪辑将民众的恐慌和军队的冷血无情表现得淋漓尽致。</div><div class="notion-text notion-block-367635b9271c80f8919df12b14cf7ee7"><b><a class="notion-link" href="https://movie.douban.com/subject/1293492/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">豆瓣-战舰波将金号</a></b></div><div class="notion-text notion-block-367635b9271c807fa2abe9c1893e0fc8"><b>弗谢沃洛德·普多夫金 (Vsevolod Pudovkin)</b>：《母亲》(Mother, 1926) - 他的蒙太奇风格更侧重于抒情和叙事，通过镜头的连接构建情感链条。</div><div class="notion-text notion-block-367635b9271c8036854ec30b9e51a162"><b><a class="notion-link" href="https://movie.douban.com/subject/1297803/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">豆瓣-母亲</a></b></div><div class="notion-text notion-block-367635b9271c807dabfae7434f3cf9bd"><b>吉加·维尔托夫 (Dziga Vertov)</b>：《持摄影机的人》(Man with a Movie Camera, 1929) - 一部实验性的纪录片，本身就是关于电影制作和蒙太奇理论的宣言，充满了炫技式的剪辑。</div><div class="notion-text notion-block-367635b9271c8009a4f7c45802ead0f3"><b><a class="notion-link" href="https://movie.douban.com/subject/1293199/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">豆瓣-持摄影机的人</a></b></div><h3 class="notion-h notion-h2 notion-h-indent-1 notion-block-367635b9271c8024af0dcef58e8c7a3a" data-id="367635b9271c8024af0dcef58e8c7a3a"><span><div id="367635b9271c8024af0dcef58e8c7a3a" class="notion-header-anchor"></div><a class="notion-hash-link" href="#367635b9271c8024af0dcef58e8c7a3a" title="深远影响🏂"><svg viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16" height="16"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M7.775 3.275a.75.75 0 001.06 1.06l1.25-1.25a2 2 0 112.83 2.83l-2.5 2.5a2 2 0 01-2.83 0 .75.75 0 00-1.06 1.06 3.5 3.5 0 004.95 0l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95-4.95l-1.25 1.25zm-4.69 9.64a2 2 0 010-2.83l2.5-2.5a2 2 0 012.83 0 .75.75 0 001.06-1.06 3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95 0l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 004.95 4.95l1.25-1.25a.75.75 0 00-1.06-1.06l-1.25 1.25a2 2 0 01-2.83 0z"></path></svg></a><span class="notion-h-title"><b>深远影响🏂</b></span></span></h3><div class="notion-text notion-block-367635b9271c80b5bac4f7033e7a1d1e">苏联蒙太奇理论奠定了现代电影剪辑的基础，彻底革新了电影剪辑的艺术，证明了剪辑能独立创造意义。为电影作为政治宣传和意识形态工具提供了强大的方法论。其理论和技巧（节奏、冲突剪辑、隐喻、象征等）成为所有类型电影剪辑的基础，影响了从好莱坞经典电影到现代动作片、MV等所有领域。- - <em>极大地拓展了电影艺术表达的潜能和复杂性</em>。</div><h2 class="notion-h notion-h1 notion-h-indent-0 notion-block-367635b9271c80b78e99d21efe92ff1c" data-id="367635b9271c80b78e99d21efe92ff1c"><span><div id="367635b9271c80b78e99d21efe92ff1c" class="notion-header-anchor"></div><a class="notion-hash-link" href="#367635b9271c80b78e99d21efe92ff1c" title="意大利新现实主义 (Italian Neorealism)"><svg viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16" height="16"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M7.775 3.275a.75.75 0 001.06 1.06l1.25-1.25a2 2 0 112.83 2.83l-2.5 2.5a2 2 0 01-2.83 0 .75.75 0 00-1.06 1.06 3.5 3.5 0 004.95 0l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95-4.95l-1.25 1.25zm-4.69 9.64a2 2 0 010-2.83l2.5-2.5a2 2 0 012.83 0 .75.75 0 001.06-1.06 3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95 0l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 004.95 4.95l1.25-1.25a.75.75 0 00-1.06-1.06l-1.25 1.25a2 2 0 01-2.83 0z"></path></svg></a><span class="notion-h-title"><b>意大利新现实主义 (Italian Neorealism)</b></span></span></h2><div class="notion-text notion-block-367635b9271c80dab30cd2222a305523"><b>时间：</b> 约1944年 - 1952年</div><div class="notion-text notion-block-367635b9271c806ca6ccf1000a00f13c"><b>核心思想：</b> 将镜头对准普通人（工人、农民、失业者、小市民）而非明星，关注现实社会问题（战后意大利的贫穷、失业、住房紧缺、社会冲突）。- 反对法西斯统治时期粉饰太平的“白色电话片”和好莱坞的梦幻工厂模式。致力于以纪实的手法展现战后意大利的社会现实和底层人民的苦难。</div><h3 class="notion-h notion-h2 notion-h-indent-1 notion-block-367635b9271c80478658d2ab5e1f57f2" data-id="367635b9271c80478658d2ab5e1f57f2"><span><div id="367635b9271c80478658d2ab5e1f57f2" class="notion-header-anchor"></div><a class="notion-hash-link" href="#367635b9271c80478658d2ab5e1f57f2" title="时代背景🎬"><svg viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16" height="16"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M7.775 3.275a.75.75 0 001.06 1.06l1.25-1.25a2 2 0 112.83 2.83l-2.5 2.5a2 2 0 01-2.83 0 .75.75 0 00-1.06 1.06 3.5 3.5 0 004.95 0l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95-4.95l-1.25 1.25zm-4.69 9.64a2 2 0 010-2.83l2.5-2.5a2 2 0 012.83 0 .75.75 0 001.06-1.06 3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95 0l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 004.95 4.95l1.25-1.25a.75.75 0 00-1.06-1.06l-1.25 1.25a2 2 0 01-2.83 0z"></path></svg></a><span class="notion-h-title"><b>时代背景🎬</b></span></span></h3><div class="notion-text notion-block-367635b9271c80d9b65dc2bd9a138f23">第二次世界大战结束后，意大利满目疮痍，法西斯政权倒台，社会贫困、失业严重。电影制片厂被毁，资金匮乏。在这样的困境下，一批电影人决定放弃摄影棚，走向街头，用最朴素的方式记录下这个时代的真实面貌。</div><h3 class="notion-h notion-h2 notion-h-indent-1 notion-block-367635b9271c802a81b7ca62c882c8b8" data-id="367635b9271c802a81b7ca62c882c8b8"><span><div id="367635b9271c802a81b7ca62c882c8b8" class="notion-header-anchor"></div><a class="notion-hash-link" href="#367635b9271c802a81b7ca62c882c8b8" title="艺术特点💫"><svg viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16" height="16"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M7.775 3.275a.75.75 0 001.06 1.06l1.25-1.25a2 2 0 112.83 2.83l-2.5 2.5a2 2 0 01-2.83 0 .75.75 0 00-1.06 1.06 3.5 3.5 0 004.95 0l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95-4.95l-1.25 1.25zm-4.69 9.64a2 2 0 010-2.83l2.5-2.5a2 2 0 012.83 0 .75.75 0 001.06-1.06 3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95 0l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 004.95 4.95l1.25-1.25a.75.75 0 00-1.06-1.06l-1.25 1.25a2 2 0 01-2.83 0z"></path></svg></a><span class="notion-h-title"><b>艺术特点💫</b></span></span></h3><div class="notion-text notion-block-367635b9271c80b9a032c79b7642ce72"><b>实景拍摄</b>：几乎所有场景都在真实的街道、公寓、乡村拍摄，赋予影片强烈的现场感和真实感，尽量使用自然光源或接近自然的光效。。</div><div class="notion-text notion-block-367635b9271c80e488bde91671ef2a32"><b>启用非职业演员：</b> 为了追求真实，导演常常选用当地的工人、农民、儿童来扮演角色，他们的表演质朴、自然，没有戏剧腔，追求质朴真实的表演。</div><div class="notion-text notion-block-367635b9271c806abb99de31ff19b896"><b>关注底层生活和社会问题：</b> 故事聚焦于失业、贫困、战争创伤、人与人之间的疏离等社会议题，充满人文关怀。</div><div class="notion-text notion-block-367635b9271c80c78449ffac070ac243"><b>纪实风格的摄影：</b> 使用长镜头和深焦镜头来维持时空连续性，减少剪辑干预。避免花哨的剪辑和复杂的摄影机运动，仿佛是生活的客观观察者。</div><div class="notion-text notion-block-367635b9271c80638cc3fc203f00f3a1"><b>开放式结局：</b> 影片结尾常常不提供明确的解决方案，问题依然存在，给观众留下思考和怅惘。</div><h3 class="notion-h notion-h2 notion-h-indent-1 notion-block-367635b9271c80efbc3efb73ee0100c7" data-id="367635b9271c80efbc3efb73ee0100c7"><span><div id="367635b9271c80efbc3efb73ee0100c7" class="notion-header-anchor"></div><a class="notion-hash-link" href="#367635b9271c80efbc3efb73ee0100c7" title="代表人物与作品👩‍🎓"><svg viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16" height="16"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M7.775 3.275a.75.75 0 001.06 1.06l1.25-1.25a2 2 0 112.83 2.83l-2.5 2.5a2 2 0 01-2.83 0 .75.75 0 00-1.06 1.06 3.5 3.5 0 004.95 0l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95-4.95l-1.25 1.25zm-4.69 9.64a2 2 0 010-2.83l2.5-2.5a2 2 0 012.83 0 .75.75 0 001.06-1.06 3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95 0l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 004.95 4.95l1.25-1.25a.75.75 0 00-1.06-1.06l-1.25 1.25a2 2 0 01-2.83 0z"></path></svg></a><span class="notion-h-title"><b>代表人物与作品👩‍🎓</b></span></span></h3><div class="notion-text notion-block-367635b9271c80fc8c3fd1dad5494e72"><b>罗伯托·罗西里尼 (Roberto Rossellini)</b>：《罗马，不设防的城市》(Rome, Open City, 1945) - 在德军占领的罗马刚刚解放时拍摄，充满了即时性和新闻报道般的真实感，被视为新现实主义的开篇之作。</div><div class="notion-text notion-block-367635b9271c805bbad2edf681bd5f8c"><b><a class="notion-link" href="https://movie.douban.com/subject/1296669/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">豆瓣-罗马，不设防的城市</a></b></div><div class="notion-text notion-block-367635b9271c80b69784e5f6b3de9286"><b>维托里奥·德·西卡 (Vittorio De Sica)</b>：《偷自行车的人》(Bicycle Thieves, 1948) - 讲述一个失业工人和儿子在罗马街头寻找被偷的自行车的辛酸故事，是新现实主义的巅峰之作，完美体现了其所有美学特征。</div><div class="notion-text notion-block-367635b9271c803780dfc79c7bbdfb8d"><b><a class="notion-link" href="https://movie.douban.com/subject/1295873/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">豆瓣-偷自行车的人</a></b></div><div class="notion-text notion-block-367635b9271c80089afaebbbe3e90c3d"><b>卢基诺·维斯康蒂 (Luchino Visconti)</b>：《大地在波动》(La Terra Trema, 1948) - 深入西西里渔村，全片使用当地方言和非职业演员，展现渔民与批发商的斗争。</div><div class="notion-text notion-block-367635b9271c80bd9c40cfbe93d55231"><b><a class="notion-link" href="https://movie.douban.com/subject/1294377/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">豆瓣-大地在波动</a></b></div><h3 class="notion-h notion-h2 notion-h-indent-1 notion-block-367635b9271c808fa1c1e397d481e2a8" data-id="367635b9271c808fa1c1e397d481e2a8"><span><div id="367635b9271c808fa1c1e397d481e2a8" class="notion-header-anchor"></div><a class="notion-hash-link" href="#367635b9271c808fa1c1e397d481e2a8" title="深远影响🏂"><svg viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16" height="16"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M7.775 3.275a.75.75 0 001.06 1.06l1.25-1.25a2 2 0 112.83 2.83l-2.5 2.5a2 2 0 01-2.83 0 .75.75 0 00-1.06 1.06 3.5 3.5 0 004.95 0l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95-4.95l-1.25 1.25zm-4.69 9.64a2 2 0 010-2.83l2.5-2.5a2 2 0 012.83 0 .75.75 0 001.06-1.06 3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95 0l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 004.95 4.95l1.25-1.25a.75.75 0 00-1.06-1.06l-1.25 1.25a2 2 0 01-2.83 0z"></path></svg></a><span class="notion-h-title"><b>深远影响🏂</b></span></span></h3><div class="notion-text notion-block-367635b9271c80e9a9c2fce92b8068f0">意大利新现实主义是<b>写实主义电影</b>的里程碑， 彻底改变了电影与“现实”的关系，开创了纪实美学的先河。它直接启发了<b>法国新浪潮 (French New Wave)</b>，并对世界各国的电影产生了深远影响，包括中国的<b>第五代、第六代导演</b>（如张艺谋的《秋菊打官司》、贾樟柯的《小武》），以及各类独立电影和纪录片。它确立了电影可以成为一种深刻介入社会、反思现实的艺术形式，- 为艺术电影树立了新的标杆，证明了电影可以严肃地探讨社会问题，促使电影更多地关注边缘人群和社会问题。</div><table class="notion-simple-table notion-block-367635b9271c80e7ae4bce6ee5618050"><tbody><tr class="notion-simple-table-row notion-simple-table-header-row notion-block-367635b9271c808888c3d66793f5d0e5"><td class="" style="width:120px"><div class="notion-simple-table-cell">代表人物（主要导演）</div></td><td class="" style="width:519px"><div class="notion-simple-table-cell">代表作</div></td></tr><tr class="notion-simple-table-row notion-block-367635b9271c8045b98df35e988dcc66"><td class="" style="width:120px"><div class="notion-simple-table-cell">卢奇诺·维斯康蒂（Luchino Visconti）</div></td><td class="" style="width:519px"><div class="notion-simple-table-cell">《沉沦》（Ossessione, 1943）常被认为是新现实主义的先声或开端之作。《大地在波动》（La Terra Trema, 1948</div></td></tr><tr class="notion-simple-table-row notion-block-367635b9271c805ca316c58c8647bfeb"><td class="" style="width:120px"><div class="notion-simple-table-cell">罗伯托·罗西里尼（Roberto Rossellini）</div></td><td class="" style="width:519px"><div class="notion-simple-table-cell">“战争三部曲”《罗马，不设防的城市》（Roma, città aperta, 1945）《战火》（Paisà, 1946）《德意志零年》（Germania anno zero, 1948）</div></td></tr><tr class="notion-simple-table-row notion-block-367635b9271c80eab5adf4d0350b2d6e"><td class="" style="width:120px"><div class="notion-simple-table-cell">维托里奥·德·西卡（Vittorio De Sica）</div></td><td class="" style="width:519px"><div class="notion-simple-table-cell">《擦鞋童》（Sciuscià, 1946）《偷自行车的人》（Ladri di biciclette, 1948） - 被誉为新现实主义的巅峰之作和最具代表性的作品之一。《米兰的奇迹》（Miracolo a Milano, 1951）《温别尔托·D》（Umberto D., 1952）</div></td></tr><tr class="notion-simple-table-row notion-block-367635b9271c808784f2ebbb8a2c72d2"><td class="" style="width:120px"><div class="notion-simple-table-cell">朱塞佩·德·桑蒂斯（Giuseppe De Santis）</div></td><td class="" style="width:519px"><div class="notion-simple-table-cell">《罗马11时》（Roma ore 11, 1952）《艰辛的米》（Riso Amaro, 1949）</div></td></tr><tr class="notion-simple-table-row notion-block-367635b9271c80fca1d2fce48e39bb6f"><td class="" style="width:120px"><div class="notion-simple-table-cell">切萨雷·萨瓦提尼（Cesare Zavattini）</div></td><td class="" style="width:519px"><div class="notion-simple-table-cell">意大利新现实主义最重要的理论家和编剧，与德·西卡等人合作了多部重要作品。他强调电影应该“跟踪”现实，展现生活的本来面目。</div></td></tr></tbody></table><blockquote class="notion-quote notion-block-367635b9271c8029a677e944fa286ec2"><div>如果说前三大电影运动是奠定了电影语言的“古典时期”，</div><div class="notion-text notion-block-367635b9271c80778181daf655d7feb1">那么<b>法国新浪潮 (French New Wave / La Nouvelle Vague)</b> 就是开启电影“<em>现代主义</em>”大门的革命性浪潮。</div><div class="notion-text notion-block-367635b9271c80009bbef18306317670">它与德国表现主义、苏联蒙太奇和意大利新现实主义并列，</div><div class="notion-text notion-block-367635b9271c8023a14cf3039c8db5eb">有时甚至被认为是影响力更广泛的第四大电影运动。</div><div class="notion-text notion-block-367635b9271c80e3923ec4fa999c148d">它彻底改变了电影的制作方式、美学观念和导演的地位。</div></blockquote><h2 class="notion-h notion-h1 notion-h-indent-0 notion-block-367635b9271c808aa053c4f0cf6c8c5e" data-id="367635b9271c808aa053c4f0cf6c8c5e"><span><div id="367635b9271c808aa053c4f0cf6c8c5e" class="notion-header-anchor"></div><a class="notion-hash-link" href="#367635b9271c808aa053c4f0cf6c8c5e" title="法国新浪潮 (French New Wave / La Nouvelle Vague)"><svg viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16" height="16"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M7.775 3.275a.75.75 0 001.06 1.06l1.25-1.25a2 2 0 112.83 2.83l-2.5 2.5a2 2 0 01-2.83 0 .75.75 0 00-1.06 1.06 3.5 3.5 0 004.95 0l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95-4.95l-1.25 1.25zm-4.69 9.64a2 2 0 010-2.83l2.5-2.5a2 2 0 012.83 0 .75.75 0 001.06-1.06 3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95 0l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 004.95 4.95l1.25-1.25a.75.75 0 00-1.06-1.06l-1.25 1.25a2 2 0 01-2.83 0z"></path></svg></a><span class="notion-h-title"><b>法国新浪潮 (French New Wave / La Nouvelle Vague)</b></span></span></h2><div class="notion-text notion-block-367635b9271c80deab4dc9656b16b459"><b>时间：</b> 约1958年 - 1967年</div><div class="notion-text notion-block-367635b9271c80e3ba84d7532e2791bc"><b>核心思想：导演即作者 (Auteur Theory)</b></div><div class="notion-text notion-block-367635b9271c80ebb258dca859253526"><em>电影是导演个人表达的工具</em>，如同作家用笔写作一样，导演应该用摄影机来“写作”（即“摄影机-笔”论，Caméra-stylo）。他们激烈反对当时法国影坛僵化、陈腐的“优质传统”电影 (Cinéma de Qualité)，倡导一种更自由、更个人、更贴近现代生活的电影。</div><h3 class="notion-h notion-h2 notion-h-indent-1 notion-block-367635b9271c80cca19bf329e0304581" data-id="367635b9271c80cca19bf329e0304581"><span><div id="367635b9271c80cca19bf329e0304581" class="notion-header-anchor"></div><a class="notion-hash-link" href="#367635b9271c80cca19bf329e0304581" title="时代背景"><svg viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16" height="16"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M7.775 3.275a.75.75 0 001.06 1.06l1.25-1.25a2 2 0 112.83 2.83l-2.5 2.5a2 2 0 01-2.83 0 .75.75 0 00-1.06 1.06 3.5 3.5 0 004.95 0l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95-4.95l-1.25 1.25zm-4.69 9.64a2 2 0 010-2.83l2.5-2.5a2 2 0 012.83 0 .75.75 0 001.06-1.06 3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95 0l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 004.95 4.95l1.25-1.25a.75.75 0 00-1.06-1.06l-1.25 1.25a2 2 0 01-2.83 0z"></path></svg></a><span class="notion-h-title"><b>时代背景</b></span></span></h3><div class="notion-text notion-block-367635b9271c80b0a9bec345aa38a62b"><b>文化土壤：</b> 二战后的法国，存在主义哲学盛行，强调个人自由、选择和存在的荒诞感。这为新浪潮电影中那些迷惘、反叛、没有明确生活目标的主角提供了思想底色。</div><ul class="notion-list notion-list-disc notion-block-367635b9271c80a5b952d71c72925b4e"><li><b>《电影手册》(Cahiers du Cinéma)：</b> 这是新浪潮的摇篮。一群热爱电影的年轻人，包括<b>戈达尔、特吕弗、夏布洛尔、侯麦、里维特</b>等，先是作为影评人聚集在这本杂志周围。他们在巴黎的<b>法国电影资料馆 (Cinémathèque Française)</b> 观看了海量电影，尤其是被当时主流评论界忽视的美国B级片导演（如希区柯克、霍华德·霍克斯）和意大利新现实主义作品。他们通过写影评，率先提出了“作者论”，为自己的创作奠定了理论基础。</li></ul><ul class="notion-list notion-list-disc notion-block-367635b9271c80c7b1bdc01c175f38ac"><li><b>技术革新：</b> 轻便的手持摄影机和高感光度的胶片出现，使得电影制作不再局限于笨重的设备和庞大的摄制组。这让年轻的导演们可以用极低的成本，带着小团队走上街头，捕捉真实的生活气息。</li></ul><h3 class="notion-h notion-h2 notion-h-indent-1 notion-block-367635b9271c80e4bbecc84de53466d2" data-id="367635b9271c80e4bbecc84de53466d2"><span><div id="367635b9271c80e4bbecc84de53466d2" class="notion-header-anchor"></div><a class="notion-hash-link" href="#367635b9271c80e4bbecc84de53466d2" title="艺术特点"><svg viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16" height="16"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M7.775 3.275a.75.75 0 001.06 1.06l1.25-1.25a2 2 0 112.83 2.83l-2.5 2.5a2 2 0 01-2.83 0 .75.75 0 00-1.06 1.06 3.5 3.5 0 004.95 0l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95-4.95l-1.25 1.25zm-4.69 9.64a2 2 0 010-2.83l2.5-2.5a2 2 0 012.83 0 .75.75 0 001.06-1.06 3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95 0l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 004.95 4.95l1.25-1.25a.75.75 0 00-1.06-1.06l-1.25 1.25a2 2 0 01-2.83 0z"></path></svg></a><span class="notion-h-title"><b>艺术特点</b></span></span></h3><div class="notion-text notion-block-367635b9271c80ebabb2eb8015ccf18f">新浪潮的特点就是“<b>打破一切规则</b>”：</div><ol start="1" class="notion-list notion-list-numbered notion-block-367635b9271c805c8d90e62b2a68f3aa" style="list-style-type:decimal"><li><b>实景拍摄 (On-location Shooting)：</b> 和新现实主义一样，他们走出摄影棚，将巴黎的街景、咖啡馆、公寓作为天然的舞台，充满了都市的现代感和即时性。</li></ol><ol start="2" class="notion-list notion-list-numbered notion-block-367635b9271c807d872afb8414bfa8b5" style="list-style-type:decimal"><li><b>跳接 (Jump Cut)：</b> 这是最具革命性的剪辑手法，由戈达尔在《精疲力尽》中发扬光大。它在一个连续的动作中故意切掉中间的一小段，造成视觉上的跳跃感，打破了传统剪辑的流畅性，营造出一种不安、焦虑和现代生活的碎片感。</li></ol><ol start="3" class="notion-list notion-list-numbered notion-block-367635b9271c80c49226e43f977bd5db" style="list-style-type:decimal"><li><b>手持摄影与自然光：</b> 摄影机常常是晃动的、不稳定的，跟随人物移动，创造出一种纪录片式的真实感和亲密感。他们也常利用自然光，反对摄影棚内精致的人工布光。</li></ol><ol start="4" class="notion-list notion-list-numbered notion-block-367635b9271c80be8721dcd955c31918" style="list-style-type:decimal"><li><b>即兴创作：</b> 剧本常常只是一个大纲，导演在现场鼓励演员即兴表演，对白也充满了生活气息和偶然性，显得格外自然、生动。</li></ol><ol start="5" class="notion-list notion-list-numbered notion-block-367635b9271c808b8aadeb8bcaa0e2fa" style="list-style-type:decimal"><li><b>打破“第四堵墙”：</b> 角色会突然望向镜头，直接与观众对话，主动揭示电影的虚构性，提醒观众“你正在看一部电影”。这是一种“电影自觉”的体现。</li></ol><ol start="6" class="notion-list notion-list-numbered notion-block-367635b9271c801e9663c1fbd2ecb545" style="list-style-type:decimal"><li><b>反英雄主角与开放式结局：</b> 主角不再是传统意义上的英雄，他们常常是道德模糊、行为冲动的法外之徒、迷惘青年。影片的结局也往往是开放的，不提供答案，正如生活本身。</li></ol><ol start="7" class="notion-list notion-list-numbered notion-block-367635b9271c80b7a162d07544894a45" style="list-style-type:decimal"><li><b>致敬与互文性 (Homage &amp; Intertextuality)：</b> 这些导演都是狂热影迷，他们的电影里充满了对所崇拜导演和经典影片的引用和致敬，电影本身成为了一场关于电影的对话。</li></ol><h3 class="notion-h notion-h2 notion-h-indent-1 notion-block-367635b9271c80af9291d360a765bbf5" data-id="367635b9271c80af9291d360a765bbf5"><span><div id="367635b9271c80af9291d360a765bbf5" class="notion-header-anchor"></div><a class="notion-hash-link" href="#367635b9271c80af9291d360a765bbf5" title="两大阵营与代表人物/作品"><svg viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16" height="16"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M7.775 3.275a.75.75 0 001.06 1.06l1.25-1.25a2 2 0 112.83 2.83l-2.5 2.5a2 2 0 01-2.83 0 .75.75 0 00-1.06 1.06 3.5 3.5 0 004.95 0l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95-4.95l-1.25 1.25zm-4.69 9.64a2 2 0 010-2.83l2.5-2.5a2 2 0 012.83 0 .75.75 0 001.06-1.06 3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95 0l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 004.95 4.95l1.25-1.25a.75.75 0 00-1.06-1.06l-1.25 1.25a2 2 0 01-2.83 0z"></path></svg></a><span class="notion-h-title"><b>两大阵营与代表人物/作品</b></span></span></h3><div class="notion-text notion-block-367635b9271c8019bf21c09d8c6f66ee">法国新浪潮内部大致可以分为两个群体：</div><div class="notion-text notion-block-367635b9271c80e8b81ee162a3077763"><b>A. 《电影手册》派 (The Cahiers du Cinéma Group)</b> 他们是影评人出身，更注重颠覆传统电影语法，风格更加自由不羁。</div><ul class="notion-list notion-list-disc notion-block-367635b9271c80e2b813dad7cc602590"><li><b>弗朗索瓦·特吕弗 (François Truffaut)</b>：风格相对温和、抒情，充满人文关怀。</li><ul class="notion-list notion-list-disc notion-block-367635b9271c80e2b813dad7cc602590"><li><b>《四百击》(The 400 Blows, 1959)</b>：新浪潮的开山之作，半自传体地讲述了一个叛逆少年的成长故事，结尾处安托万奔向大海的定格长镜头成为影史经典。</li></ul></ul><ul class="notion-list notion-list-disc notion-block-367635b9271c80359885c36762430b95"><li><b>让-吕克·戈达尔 (Jean-Luc Godard)</b>：最激进、最具实验精神的导演，不断解构和重塑电影语言。</li><ul class="notion-list notion-list-disc notion-block-367635b9271c80359885c36762430b95"><li><b>《精疲力尽》(Breathless, 1960)</b>：新浪潮的美学宣言，将跳接、即兴表演等手法运用到极致，风格凌厉，酷感十足。</li></ul></ul><ul class="notion-list notion-list-disc notion-block-367635b9271c80b2a856f2af78670f9f"><li><b>克洛德·夏布洛尔 (Claude Chabrol)</b>：被称为“法国的希区柯克”，擅长拍摄悬疑惊悚片，揭示法国中产阶级的伪善与暗流。代表作《表兄弟》(Les Cousins, 1959)。</li></ul><ul class="notion-list notion-list-disc notion-block-367635b9271c80019a73c9e7ca4ad110"><li><b>埃里克·侯麦 (Éric Rohmer)</b> 和 <b>雅克·里维特 (Jacques Rivette)</b> 也是此派重要成员。</li></ul><div class="notion-text notion-block-367635b9271c80cab77ce45176b3dcc3"><b>B. 左岸派 (The Left Bank Group)</b> 这批导演通常年龄稍长，有文学或纪录片背景，他们的作品更具文学性、政治性和哲学思辨，形式上也更严谨。</div><ul class="notion-list notion-list-disc notion-block-367635b9271c8012a357c66250a6f2f2"><li><b>阿伦·雷乃 (Alain Resnais)</b>：痴迷于时间、记忆与创伤的主题。</li><ul class="notion-list notion-list-disc notion-block-367635b9271c8012a357c66250a6f2f2"><li><b>《广岛之恋》(Hiroshima Mon Amour, 1959)</b>：由作家玛格丽特·杜拉斯编剧，影片通过意识流的叙事，将个人的爱情记忆与广岛核爆的历史创伤交织在一起，是现代主义电影的典范。</li></ul></ul><ul class="notion-list notion-list-disc notion-block-367635b9271c8034af12d071fec031c7"><li><b>阿涅斯·瓦尔达 (Agnès Varda)</b>：被誉为“新浪潮的祖母”，是该运动中最重要的女性导演，作品融合了纪录与虚构，充满女性主义视角和温柔的生命力。</li><ul class="notion-list notion-list-disc notion-block-367635b9271c8034af12d071fec031c7"><li><b>《五至七时的克莱奥》(Cléo from 5 to 7, 1962)</b>：实时记录了一位女歌手在等待癌症诊断结果的两个小时里的心路历程。</li></ul></ul><ul class="notion-list notion-list-disc notion-block-367635b9271c802382ecff1242dac7c7"><li><b>克里斯·马克 (Chris Marker)</b>：实验电影和散文电影大师，其作品《堤》(La Jetée, 1962) 几乎完全由静止照片构成，深刻影响了后来的科幻电影（如《十二猴子》）。</li></ul><h3 class="notion-h notion-h2 notion-h-indent-1 notion-block-367635b9271c80039107ea2c33fdba25" data-id="367635b9271c80039107ea2c33fdba25"><span><div id="367635b9271c80039107ea2c33fdba25" class="notion-header-anchor"></div><a class="notion-hash-link" href="#367635b9271c80039107ea2c33fdba25" title="深远影响"><svg viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16" height="16"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M7.775 3.275a.75.75 0 001.06 1.06l1.25-1.25a2 2 0 112.83 2.83l-2.5 2.5a2 2 0 01-2.83 0 .75.75 0 00-1.06 1.06 3.5 3.5 0 004.95 0l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95-4.95l-1.25 1.25zm-4.69 9.64a2 2 0 010-2.83l2.5-2.5a2 2 0 012.83 0 .75.75 0 001.06-1.06 3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95 0l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 004.95 4.95l1.25-1.25a.75.75 0 00-1.06-1.06l-1.25 1.25a2 2 0 01-2.83 0z"></path></svg></a><span class="notion-h-title"><b>深远影响</b></span></span></h3><div class="notion-text notion-block-367635b9271c807a8ba9f057a31cd3e6">法国新浪潮的影响力遍及全球，可以说，现代电影的样貌在很大程度上是由它塑造的：</div><ul class="notion-list notion-list-disc notion-block-367635b9271c80988a6acf1fda20f40b"><li><b>启发了“新好莱坞”</b>：马丁·斯科塞斯、弗朗西斯·福特·科波拉等美国导演深受其影响，开启了好莱坞的作者电影时代。</li></ul><ul class="notion-list notion-list-disc notion-block-367635b9271c80c4bd34fbc734837a81"><li><b>成为全球独立电影的灯塔</b>：它向全世界的青年证明，不需要巨额投资和电影工厂，凭借才华和热情就能拍出伟大的个人电影。</li></ul><ul class="notion-list notion-list-disc notion-block-367635b9271c80adb282ffc10106c86f"><li><b>确立了“作者论”</b>：从此，导演作为电影核心创作者的地位被广泛接受，电影批评和理论进入了新纪元。</li></ul><ul class="notion-list notion-list-disc notion-block-367635b9271c80308f1ad2524115be72"><li><b>解放了电影美学</b>：它让“技术错误”（如跳接、镜头摇晃）变成了有效的艺术表达，极大地拓宽了电影创作的自由度。</li></ul><table class="notion-simple-table notion-block-367635b9271c80a1845fd6e2bdcc0e1e"><tbody><tr class="notion-simple-table-row notion-simple-table-header-row notion-block-367635b9271c80fd85a0ef9ba37758d3"><td class="" style="width:300px"><div class="notion-simple-table-cell">代表人物（主要导演）</div></td><td class="" style="width:571px"><div class="notion-simple-table-cell">代表作</div></td></tr><tr class="notion-simple-table-row notion-block-367635b9271c80fb9ea3e9d365562870"><td class="" style="width:300px"><div class="notion-simple-table-cell">弗朗索瓦·特吕弗（François Truffaut）</div></td><td class="" style="width:571px"><div class="notion-simple-table-cell">《四百击》（Les Quatre Cents Coups）、《朱尔与吉姆》（Jules et Jim）</div></td></tr><tr class="notion-simple-table-row notion-block-367635b9271c80bdb5bbf3b854e9f964"><td class="" style="width:300px"><div class="notion-simple-table-cell">让-吕克·戈达尔（Jean-Luc Godard）</div></td><td class="" style="width:571px"><div class="notion-simple-table-cell">《筋疲力尽》（À bout de souffle）、《狂人皮埃罗》（Pierrot le Fou）</div></td></tr><tr class="notion-simple-table-row notion-block-367635b9271c80f9ab66f145ce48f48f"><td class="" style="width:300px"><div class="notion-simple-table-cell">克洛德·夏布洛尔（Claude Chabrol）</div></td><td class="" style="width:571px"><div class="notion-simple-table-cell">《漂亮的塞尔吉》（Le Beau Serge）、《表兄弟》（Les Cousins）</div></td></tr><tr class="notion-simple-table-row notion-block-367635b9271c808192a0fe4466ffb29e"><td class="" style="width:300px"><div class="notion-simple-table-cell">埃里克·侯麦（Éric Rohmer）</div></td><td class="" style="width:571px"><div class="notion-simple-table-cell">《慕德家一夜》（Ma nuit chez Maud）</div></td></tr><tr class="notion-simple-table-row notion-block-367635b9271c80189e0be7742f605362"><td class="" style="width:300px"><div class="notion-simple-table-cell">雅克·里维特（Jacques Rivette）</div></td><td class="" style="width:571px"><div class="notion-simple-table-cell">《巴黎属于我们》（Paris nous appartient）</div></td></tr><tr class="notion-simple-table-row notion-block-367635b9271c80eca73df39d8ad14534"><td class="" style="width:300px"><div class="notion-simple-table-cell">阿伦·雷乃（Alain Resnais）</div></td><td class="" style="width:571px"><div class="notion-simple-table-cell">《广岛之恋》（Hiroshima mon amour）</div></td></tr></tbody></table><ul class="notion-list notion-list-disc notion-block-367635b9271c805c8704e16b6923c383"><li>四大电影运动横向对比</li></ul><table class="notion-simple-table notion-block-367635b9271c800e91c8cc279c0767c9"><tbody><tr class="notion-simple-table-row notion-simple-table-header-row notion-block-367635b9271c80cd92f7d3aac54737a5"><td class="" style="width:120px"><div class="notion-simple-table-cell">项目</div></td><td class="" style="width:120px"><div class="notion-simple-table-cell">德国表现主义</div></td><td class="" style="width:120px"><div class="notion-simple-table-cell">苏联蒙太奇</div></td><td class="" style="width:120px"><div class="notion-simple-table-cell">意大利新现实主义</div></td><td class="" style="width:120px"><div class="notion-simple-table-cell">法国新浪潮 (</div></td></tr><tr class="notion-simple-table-row notion-block-367635b9271c80629b73e2646d32a26b"><td class="" style="width:120px"><div class="notion-simple-table-cell"><b>大致时间</b></div></td><td class="" style="width:120px"><div class="notion-simple-table-cell">约 1919 - 1926年</div></td><td class="" style="width:120px"><div class="notion-simple-table-cell">约 1924 - 1930年</div></td><td class="" style="width:120px"><div class="notion-simple-table-cell">约 1944 - 1952年</div></td><td class="" style="width:120px"><div class="notion-simple-table-cell">约 1958 - 1967年</div></td></tr><tr class="notion-simple-table-row notion-block-367635b9271c80039dc8fcbb06c7d866"><td class="" style="width:120px"><div class="notion-simple-table-cell"><b>核心思想</b></div></td><td class="" style="width:120px"><div class="notion-simple-table-cell"><b>心理外化</b>：表现人物扭曲、疯狂的内心世界，而非客观现实。</div></td><td class="" style="width:120px"><div class="notion-simple-table-cell"><b>剪辑至上</b>：通过镜头的冲突与并置创造新的思想和意义。</div></td><td class="" style="width:120px"><div class="notion-simple-table-cell"><b>直面现实</b>：将摄影机扛到大街上，记录战后普通人的真实苦难。</div></td><td class="" style="width:120px"><div class="notion-simple-table-cell"><b>导演即作者</b>：电影是导演的个人表达，用摄影机自由“写作”。</div></td></tr><tr class="notion-simple-table-row notion-block-367635b9271c800da57add0fe94bde54"><td class="" style="width:120px"><div class="notion-simple-table-cell"><b>时代背景</b></div></td><td class="" style="width:120px"><div class="notion-simple-table-cell">一战后德国的社会创伤、经济崩溃与集体焦虑。</div></td><td class="" style="width:120px"><div class="notion-simple-table-cell">苏维埃政权建立，电影被视为最重要的政治宣传和教育工具。</div></td><td class="" style="width:120px"><div class="notion-simple-table-cell">二战后意大利的社会废墟、贫困、失业和道德危机。</div></td><td class="" style="width:120px"><div class="notion-simple-table-cell">战后法国存在主义思潮、青年文化兴起和电影制作技术革新。</div></td></tr><tr class="notion-simple-table-row notion-block-367635b9271c800e92bad7a7516c8d05"><td class="" style="width:120px"><div class="notion-simple-table-cell"><b>艺术特点/关键词</b></div></td><td class="" style="width:120px"><div class="notion-simple-table-cell">• 扭曲怪诞的布景• 强烈的光影对比• 夸张的舞台式表演• 黑暗、疯狂的主题</div></td><td class="" style="width:120px"><div class="notion-simple-table-cell">• 快速、有节奏的剪辑• “库里肖夫效应”• 理性/杂耍蒙太奇• 强调集体，而非个人</div></td><td class="" style="width:120px"><div class="notion-simple-table-cell">• 实景拍摄• 启用非职业演员• 关注社会底层问题• 纪实风格，长镜头• 开放式结局</div></td><td class="" style="width:120px"><div class="notion-simple-table-cell">• <b>跳接 (Jump Cut)</b>• 手持摄影• 即兴表演• 打破“第四堵墙”• 电影自觉与致敬</div></td></tr><tr class="notion-simple-table-row notion-block-367635b9271c809bbf9ce5459e2ece8f"><td class="" style="width:120px"><div class="notion-simple-table-cell"><b>代表人物</b></div></td><td class="" style="width:120px"><div class="notion-simple-table-cell">• 罗伯特·维内• F.W. 茂瑙• 弗里茨·朗</div></td><td class="" style="width:120px"><div class="notion-simple-table-cell">• 谢尔盖·爱森斯坦• 弗谢沃洛德·普多夫金• 吉加·维尔托夫</div></td><td class="" style="width:120px"><div class="notion-simple-table-cell">• 罗伯托·罗西里尼• 维托里奥·德·西卡• 卢基诺·维斯康蒂</div></td><td class="" style="width:120px"><div class="notion-simple-table-cell">• 让-吕克·戈达尔• 弗朗索瓦·特吕弗• 阿伦·雷乃• 阿涅斯·瓦尔达</div></td></tr><tr class="notion-simple-table-row notion-block-367635b9271c80f99354e0a4eadf92ea"><td class="" style="width:120px"><div class="notion-simple-table-cell"><b>代表作品</b></div></td><td class="" style="width:120px"><div class="notion-simple-table-cell">《卡里加里博士的小屋》《诺斯费拉图》《大都会》</div></td><td class="" style="width:120px"><div class="notion-simple-table-cell">《战舰波将金号》《母亲》《持摄影机的人》</div></td><td class="" style="width:120px"><div class="notion-simple-table-cell">《偷自行车的人》《罗马，不设防的城市》《大地在波动》</div></td><td class="" style="width:120px"><div class="notion-simple-table-cell">《四百击》《精疲力尽》《广岛之恋》</div></td></tr><tr class="notion-simple-table-row notion-block-367635b9271c808f9663d3e0aa0b6a9c"><td class="" style="width:120px"><div class="notion-simple-table-cell"><b>深远影响</b></div></td><td class="" style="width:120px"><div class="notion-simple-table-cell"><b>视觉风格的奠基</b>：深刻影响了美国的黑色电影、恐怖片和哥特美学。</div></td><td class="" style="width:120px"><div class="notion-simple-table-cell"><b>剪辑理论的基石</b>：奠定了现代电影剪辑的理论与实践基础，影响至今。</div></td><td class="" style="width:120px"><div class="notion-simple-table-cell"><b>写实主义的典范</b>：启发了世界各国的新浪潮和独立电影，确立了电影的社会批判功能。</div></td><td class="" style="width:120px"><div class="notion-simple-table-cell"><b>现代电影的开端</b>：确立了“作者论”，解放了电影制作方式，彻底改变了电影美学。</div></td></tr></tbody></table><blockquote class="notion-quote notion-block-367635b9271c80f59eb0d4bbf292332b"><div>最后推荐一位随缘更新的B站UP主<b><a class="notion-link" href="https://space.bilibili.com/474320987" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">摄影师逍遥散仙</a></b></div></blockquote><div class="notion-blank notion-block-367635b9271c809f82e3c65217a75419"> </div></main></div>]]></content:encoded>
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            <title><![CDATA[记·第二曲线创新]]></title>
            <link>https://www.temaorou.top/article/example-5</link>
            <guid>https://www.temaorou.top/article/example-5</guid>
            <pubDate>Thu, 08 May 2025 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[《第二曲线创新》阅读笔记]]></description>
            <content:encoded><![CDATA[<div id="notion-article" class="mx-auto overflow-hidden "><main class="notion light-mode notion-page notion-block-ba8635b9271c82c69fd001cc57243e60"><div class="notion-viewport"></div><div class="notion-collection-page-properties"></div><figure class="notion-asset-wrapper notion-asset-wrapper-image notion-block-36d635b9271c80cfa6ffd86f5e7d5694"><div style="position:relative;display:flex;justify-content:center;align-self:center;width:100%;max-width:100%;flex-direction:column;height:100%"><img style="object-fit:cover" src="https://www.notion.so/image/attachment%3Aa8f51f58-1578-42a1-b080-9f177325dbbf%3A1.%E7%9B%AE%E5%BD%95.webp?table=block&amp;id=36d635b9-271c-80cf-a6ff-d86f5e7d5694&amp;t=36d635b9-271c-80cf-a6ff-d86f5e7d5694" alt="notion image" loading="lazy" decoding="async"/></div></figure><h3 class="notion-h notion-h2 notion-h-indent-0 notion-block-367635b9271c8000b3e0edd722fbda80" data-id="367635b9271c8000b3e0edd722fbda80"><span><div id="367635b9271c8000b3e0edd722fbda80" class="notion-header-anchor"></div><a class="notion-hash-link" href="#367635b9271c8000b3e0edd722fbda80" title="管理"><svg viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16" height="16"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M7.775 3.275a.75.75 0 001.06 1.06l1.25-1.25a2 2 0 112.83 2.83l-2.5 2.5a2 2 0 01-2.83 0 .75.75 0 00-1.06 1.06 3.5 3.5 0 004.95 0l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95-4.95l-1.25 1.25zm-4.69 9.64a2 2 0 010-2.83l2.5-2.5a2 2 0 012.83 0 .75.75 0 001.06-1.06 3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95 0l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 004.95 4.95l1.25-1.25a.75.75 0 00-1.06-1.06l-1.25 1.25a2 2 0 01-2.83 0z"></path></svg></a><span class="notion-h-title"><b>管理</b></span></span></h3><div class="notion-text notion-block-367635b9271c80d2bf2fc078e0b60ae9">什么是<span class="notion-pink"><b>管理</b></span>？</div><div class="notion-text notion-block-367635b9271c8062b189cf9a2229628a">管理是通过实施计划、组织、领导、协调、控制等职能与他人沟通，使他人同自己一起实现既定目标的活动过程。”</div><h3 class="notion-h notion-h2 notion-h-indent-0 notion-block-367635b9271c8017b0ebc012bdf7c4e6" data-id="367635b9271c8017b0ebc012bdf7c4e6"><span><div id="367635b9271c8017b0ebc012bdf7c4e6" class="notion-header-anchor"></div><a class="notion-hash-link" href="#367635b9271c8017b0ebc012bdf7c4e6" title="创新"><svg viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16" height="16"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M7.775 3.275a.75.75 0 001.06 1.06l1.25-1.25a2 2 0 112.83 2.83l-2.5 2.5a2 2 0 01-2.83 0 .75.75 0 00-1.06 1.06 3.5 3.5 0 004.95 0l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95-4.95l-1.25 1.25zm-4.69 9.64a2 2 0 010-2.83l2.5-2.5a2 2 0 012.83 0 .75.75 0 001.06-1.06 3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95 0l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 004.95 4.95l1.25-1.25a.75.75 0 00-1.06-1.06l-1.25 1.25a2 2 0 01-2.83 0z"></path></svg></a><span class="notion-h-title"><b>创新</b></span></span></h3><div class="notion-text notion-block-367635b9271c80c0b3c7f7c60fd76ea9">什么是<span class="notion-purple"><span class="notion-default_background"><b>创新</b></span></span>？</div><div class="notion-text notion-block-367635b9271c80deb021effde9fab63d">“创新不是在同一条曲线里渐进性改良，而是从一条曲线变为另一条曲线的新组合。”</div><h3 class="notion-h notion-h2 notion-h-indent-0 notion-block-367635b9271c805d986bc7a54008e672" data-id="367635b9271c805d986bc7a54008e672"><span><div id="367635b9271c805d986bc7a54008e672" class="notion-header-anchor"></div><a class="notion-hash-link" href="#367635b9271c805d986bc7a54008e672" title="熵增定律"><svg viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16" height="16"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M7.775 3.275a.75.75 0 001.06 1.06l1.25-1.25a2 2 0 112.83 2.83l-2.5 2.5a2 2 0 01-2.83 0 .75.75 0 00-1.06 1.06 3.5 3.5 0 004.95 0l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95-4.95l-1.25 1.25zm-4.69 9.64a2 2 0 010-2.83l2.5-2.5a2 2 0 012.83 0 .75.75 0 001.06-1.06 3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95 0l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 004.95 4.95l1.25-1.25a.75.75 0 00-1.06-1.06l-1.25 1.25a2 2 0 01-2.83 0z"></path></svg></a><span class="notion-h-title"><b>熵增定律</b></span></span></h3><div class="notion-text notion-block-367635b9271c80168d06c9e55b4fa2c8">在自然过程中，一个孤立（封闭）系统的总混乱度（即“熵”）不会减小。</div><div class="notion-text notion-block-367635b9271c80579c1dca22d178c38a">它代表了在封闭系统中，如果熵增加，封闭系统的总能量不变时，其中可用能量将减少，并且随着时间的推移，封闭系统中的熵将不断增加，且不可逆。</div><div class="notion-text notion-block-367635b9271c803d81b7eb08a0146700">换句话说，越来越多的有效能量将转为无效能量。</div><div class="notion-text notion-block-367635b9271c80ff88c5c92220bcc114">“随着时间的推移，封闭组织势必会遭遇“<span class="notion-blue"><b>组织熵增</b></span>”，一定会涣散化、官僚化、失效化，并最终走向消亡。”</div><blockquote class="notion-quote notion-orange_background notion-block-367635b9271c80829d45ef90cf59b338"><div>“企业的两大终极宿命：无论企业的规模有多大，其“寿命”都有上限；</div><div class="notion-text notion-block-367635b9271c80efbc21c20a41732ee5">企业规模越大，其增长速度越慢。”</div></blockquote><h3 class="notion-h notion-h2 notion-h-indent-0 notion-block-367635b9271c8019b8add657d39aa400" data-id="367635b9271c8019b8add657d39aa400"><span><div id="367635b9271c8019b8add657d39aa400" class="notion-header-anchor"></div><a class="notion-hash-link" href="#367635b9271c8019b8add657d39aa400" title="基业长青的具体方法论——守正出奇。"><svg viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16" height="16"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M7.775 3.275a.75.75 0 001.06 1.06l1.25-1.25a2 2 0 112.83 2.83l-2.5 2.5a2 2 0 01-2.83 0 .75.75 0 00-1.06 1.06 3.5 3.5 0 004.95 0l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95-4.95l-1.25 1.25zm-4.69 9.64a2 2 0 010-2.83l2.5-2.5a2 2 0 012.83 0 .75.75 0 001.06-1.06 3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95 0l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 004.95 4.95l1.25-1.25a.75.75 0 00-1.06-1.06l-1.25 1.25a2 2 0 01-2.83 0z"></path></svg></a><span class="notion-h-title"><b>基业长青的具体方法论——守正出奇。</b></span></span></h3><div class="notion-text notion-block-367635b9271c80de8a15cfe05849ac5d">“守正”是指企业要对第一曲线进行管理，相对保守一些也没有关系。规模越大越好，收入越多越好，可以通过扩大企业规模来延长第一曲线的区间，推迟“极限点”可能出现的时间。</div><div class="notion-text notion-block-367635b9271c806d9b0ff2b136780c51">“出奇”则是指企业在对待第二曲线创新时，一定要积极进取，通过对第二曲线的扶持，为企业赢得全新的增长空间。”</div><blockquote class="notion-quote notion-block-367635b9271c80b69043c35062c49a23"><div>“庄子在《大宗师》中的说法就是：“终其天年而不中道夭”。”</div><div class="notion-text notion-block-367635b9271c807c9d33d33627dda150">避免生硬转型、新旧合并。</div></blockquote><div class="notion-text notion-block-367635b9271c80dcbc2dd4281d1675ca">“变异+选择=新物种” “创新+选择=第二曲线”</div><blockquote class="notion-quote notion-block-367635b9271c80cda44dcb2242946f03"><div>“乔布斯十分推崇西班牙画家巴勃罗·毕加索（Pablo Picasso）的一句话，并将其挂在嘴边：</div><div class="notion-text notion-block-367635b9271c8047b60ee759fd9a18e3">“聪明的艺术家模仿皮毛，伟大的艺术家窃取灵魂（Good artists copy，great artists steal）”。</div><div class="notion-text notion-block-367635b9271c8077aa09d6aee36f5816">乔布斯从施乐公司“偷走”了图形界面和鼠标应用，由此研发了新一代的麦金塔电脑，夯实了苹果公司当时的主航道。”</div></blockquote><h3 class="notion-h notion-h2 notion-h-indent-0 notion-block-367635b9271c800aa566cd1ede119ccc" data-id="367635b9271c800aa566cd1ede119ccc"><span><div id="367635b9271c800aa566cd1ede119ccc" class="notion-header-anchor"></div><a class="notion-hash-link" href="#367635b9271c800aa566cd1ede119ccc" title="组合创新"><svg viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16" height="16"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M7.775 3.275a.75.75 0 001.06 1.06l1.25-1.25a2 2 0 112.83 2.83l-2.5 2.5a2 2 0 01-2.83 0 .75.75 0 00-1.06 1.06 3.5 3.5 0 004.95 0l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95-4.95l-1.25 1.25zm-4.69 9.64a2 2 0 010-2.83l2.5-2.5a2 2 0 012.83 0 .75.75 0 001.06-1.06 3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95 0l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 004.95 4.95l1.25-1.25a.75.75 0 00-1.06-1.06l-1.25 1.25a2 2 0 01-2.83 0z"></path></svg></a><span class="notion-h-title"><b>组合创新</b></span></span></h3><div class="notion-text notion-block-367635b9271c8068afc5d45f308d230d">归根结底就是拆解基本要素，然后重新组合。</div><div class="notion-text notion-block-367635b9271c80ae8680dc8852b259bf">因此可以说：“拆解基本要素的能力，是创新的基本功。”</div><div class="notion-text notion-block-367635b9271c80f5818dfe1567decb2e">就好比同一个事物，在普通人眼里是混乱的一团，在高手眼里却能看到条分缕析的基本单元。”</div><blockquote class="notion-quote notion-block-367635b9271c80e680a6ef4a08ab0960"><div>很像我现在所处的工作，剖析空间结构、解构成最小单元，色彩、材质、形状、组合······</div></blockquote><h3 class="notion-h notion-h2 notion-h-indent-0 notion-block-367635b9271c80b29602ea75fb98d349" data-id="367635b9271c80b29602ea75fb98d349"><span><div id="367635b9271c80b29602ea75fb98d349" class="notion-header-anchor"></div><a class="notion-hash-link" href="#367635b9271c80b29602ea75fb98d349" title="亚马逊“飞轮效应”“增长飞轮”"><svg viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16" height="16"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M7.775 3.275a.75.75 0 001.06 1.06l1.25-1.25a2 2 0 112.83 2.83l-2.5 2.5a2 2 0 01-2.83 0 .75.75 0 00-1.06 1.06 3.5 3.5 0 004.95 0l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95-4.95l-1.25 1.25zm-4.69 9.64a2 2 0 010-2.83l2.5-2.5a2 2 0 012.83 0 .75.75 0 001.06-1.06 3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95 0l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 004.95 4.95l1.25-1.25a.75.75 0 00-1.06-1.06l-1.25 1.25a2 2 0 01-2.83 0z"></path></svg></a><span class="notion-h-title"><b>亚马逊“飞轮效应”“增长飞轮”</b></span></span></h3><div class="notion-text notion-block-367635b9271c80fc8248e5206a5720bf">无限选择、最低价格、快速配送（同时也是用户的三大期望）</div><blockquote class="notion-quote notion-block-367635b9271c80b28c2affb345d567ef"><div>“什么是战略？</div><div class="notion-text notion-block-367635b9271c80f2bd11c173ff72cc64">我们发现取舍概念为解答这个问题提供了崭新的视角。</div><div class="notion-text notion-block-367635b9271c80878d3ce20883296e6e">战略就是在竞争中做出取舍。战略的本质就是选择不做什么，</div><div class="notion-text notion-block-367635b9271c80d1ba63c996bfba32ae">没有取舍就不需要选择，也就不需要战略。”</div><div class="notion-text notion-block-367635b9271c8052b4fec6d2a324ffa6">迈克尔·波特 - -《哈佛商业评论》</div></blockquote><div class="notion-text notion-block-367635b9271c80cba915d57b95e58fd6">“创业公司的本质是寻找正确的事，这就需要不停地犯错，也意味着缺乏秩序、混乱和不确定。</div><div class="notion-text notion-block-367635b9271c80728223e0b53e4dcaac">而大公司的本质是正确做事，重在执行，一旦确立了商业模式，</div><div class="notion-text notion-block-367635b9271c80ff8685fe9b671c9f18">就围绕它制定KPI，并努力建立有效的流程来实现这个目标。”</div><h3 class="notion-h notion-h2 notion-h-indent-0 notion-block-367635b9271c808fa54ce6dbf0cbb5a4" data-id="367635b9271c808fa54ce6dbf0cbb5a4"><span><div id="367635b9271c808fa54ce6dbf0cbb5a4" class="notion-header-anchor"></div><a class="notion-hash-link" href="#367635b9271c808fa54ce6dbf0cbb5a4" title="销售与产品"><svg viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16" height="16"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M7.775 3.275a.75.75 0 001.06 1.06l1.25-1.25a2 2 0 112.83 2.83l-2.5 2.5a2 2 0 01-2.83 0 .75.75 0 00-1.06 1.06 3.5 3.5 0 004.95 0l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95-4.95l-1.25 1.25zm-4.69 9.64a2 2 0 010-2.83l2.5-2.5a2 2 0 012.83 0 .75.75 0 001.06-1.06 3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95 0l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 004.95 4.95l1.25-1.25a.75.75 0 00-1.06-1.06l-1.25 1.25a2 2 0 01-2.83 0z"></path></svg></a><span class="notion-h-title"><b>销售与产品</b></span></span></h3><div class="notion-text notion-block-367635b9271c80a89435cf67aa1a1184">“在《史蒂夫·乔布斯传》中，沃尔特·艾萨克森记录了乔布斯对IBM和微软的评价：</div><div class="notion-text notion-block-367635b9271c80ba9ad2d17160b22260">“像IBM或微软这样的公司为什么会衰落，我有我自己的见解。</div><div class="notion-text notion-block-367635b9271c80b38ec7d9a897c4545c">这样的公司干得很好，它们进行创新，成为或接近成为某个领域的垄断者，然后产品的质量就变得不那么重要了。</div><div class="notion-text notion-block-367635b9271c80f3947fffed63f90e20">这些公司开始重视优秀的销售人员，因为是他们在推动销售、改写收入数字，而不是产品的工程师和设计师。</div><div class="notion-text notion-block-367635b9271c8001ae78f8fc55fcd002">因此销售人员最后成为公司的经营者。”</div><div class="notion-text notion-block-367635b9271c805c927ee5ade2f9c5d3">“我将产品做得这么好，你们卖出去是天经地义的事情。”</div><div class="notion-text notion-block-367635b9271c80228e1dfb332abd31ec">在乔布斯眼中，产品好，才能卖得好，这是天经地义的事。</div><div class="notion-text notion-block-367635b9271c80b58b5cc28acccbd41c">乔布斯最重视的永远是产品，而非销售，产品是苹果公司的根。”</div><div class="notion-text notion-block-367635b9271c80cf9f63dc33150f8234">“我们坚信，如果能打造出好的产品，用户一定会喜欢，如果他们喜欢，他们一定会掏钱买，我们就能赚钱。”这也正是苹果公司的“增长飞轮”</div><blockquote class="notion-quote notion-block-367635b9271c80c497e4f13fae7bfc99"><div>“乔布斯在面对公司、技术、管理、销售、资本与产品的取舍时，毫无例外地将其他选项舍弃，最重视的永远是产品。当然，并不是说其他选项不重要，而是要将产品作为企业的核心能力，以此调配其他要素。” - -</div><div class="notion-text notion-block-367635b9271c803a8624c4b6145e8c0b">舍九取一，战略的关键在于取舍，如何找到那个不变的“一”。</div></blockquote><div class="notion-text notion-block-367635b9271c80c2b2cce57140c1723a">“现代管理学之父”彼得·德鲁克在其著作《创新与企业家精神》[3]中说：“创业之所以含有风险，其主要原因是在所谓的企业家中，只有极少数人知道自己在干什么。他们缺少方法论，并违背了基本且众所周知的规则，高科技企业家尤为如此。”</div><h3 class="notion-h notion-h2 notion-h-indent-0 notion-block-367635b9271c80fd85f3e0ed0cbe394d" data-id="367635b9271c80fd85f3e0ed0cbe394d"><span><div id="367635b9271c80fd85f3e0ed0cbe394d" class="notion-header-anchor"></div><a class="notion-hash-link" href="#367635b9271c80fd85f3e0ed0cbe394d" title="“错位竞争法则”："><svg viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16" height="16"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M7.775 3.275a.75.75 0 001.06 1.06l1.25-1.25a2 2 0 112.83 2.83l-2.5 2.5a2 2 0 01-2.83 0 .75.75 0 00-1.06 1.06 3.5 3.5 0 004.95 0l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95-4.95l-1.25 1.25zm-4.69 9.64a2 2 0 010-2.83l2.5-2.5a2 2 0 012.83 0 .75.75 0 001.06-1.06 3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95 0l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 004.95 4.95l1.25-1.25a.75.75 0 00-1.06-1.06l-1.25 1.25a2 2 0 01-2.83 0z"></path></svg></a><span class="notion-h-title"><b>“错位竞争法则”：</b></span></span></h3><div class="notion-text notion-block-367635b9271c801aa0c6ffa62c6e5529">与其更好，不如不同。</div><div class="notion-text notion-block-367635b9271c8028ae9ecbcac3b41e17">所谓“错位”，指的是创新企业在技术和市场两大要素上的组合方式，</div><div class="notion-text notion-block-367635b9271c8085842bf38b52e25484">与在位企业的组合方式之间存在明显的不同，即你的“组合”与在位企业的“组合”之间的错位。”</div><div class="notion-text notion-block-367635b9271c809ba989ce99acdc7243">“创业者真正应该做的事情是，通过独立思考找到技术与市场全新的组合方式，搭建一个“新兴价值网”，在独有的生态位里发挥优势、成为领军者，充分享受创新带来的红利。”</div></main></div>]]></content:encoded>
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            <title><![CDATA[记·长安的荔枝]]></title>
            <link>https://www.temaorou.top/article/example-6</link>
            <guid>https://www.temaorou.top/article/example-6</guid>
            <pubDate>Wed, 14 May 2025 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[《长安的荔枝》阅读笔记]]></description>
            <content:encoded><![CDATA[<div id="notion-article" class="mx-auto overflow-hidden "><main class="notion light-mode notion-page notion-block-d23635b9271c8243965081839f6d1d2b"><div class="notion-viewport"></div><div class="notion-collection-page-properties"></div><figure class="notion-asset-wrapper notion-asset-wrapper-image notion-block-36d635b9271c80dca48ffb7d25186394"><div style="position:relative;display:flex;justify-content:center;align-self:center;width:100%;max-width:100%;flex-direction:column;height:100%"><img style="object-fit:cover" src="https://www.notion.so/image/attachment%3A3da8adfe-c16b-4a39-96fa-f9f131b838cf%3A1.%E9%95%BF%E5%AE%89%E7%9A%84%E8%8D%94%E6%9E%9D_%E6%8B%B7%E8%B4%9D.webp?table=block&amp;id=36d635b9-271c-80dc-a48f-fb7d25186394&amp;t=36d635b9-271c-80dc-a48f-fb7d25186394" alt="notion image" loading="lazy" decoding="async"/></div></figure><div class="notion-blank notion-block-36d635b9271c801ba50be02ff6ab6a16"> </div><div class="notion-callout notion-gray_background_co notion-block-de2635b9271c8227864a81b9884eda73"><div class="notion-page-icon-inline notion-page-icon-span"><span class="notion-page-icon" role="img" aria-label="😀">😀</span></div><div class="notion-callout-text">《长安的荔枝》读书笔记</div></div><div class="notion-blank notion-block-36d635b9271c805a938ae586d0afbc8a"> </div><div class="notion-text notion-block-367635b9271c8036b590f3cd5aebcd7e">“鱼鳞覆瓦，柏木檩条”</div><div class="notion-blank notion-block-367635b9271c8036b31ed0f2463df26d"> </div><div class="notion-text notion-block-367635b9271c807c85bfee170f67ea17">“佛法不可沾染铜臭，所以这香积钱的本金唤做“功德”，利息唤做“福报”。”</div><div class="notion-blank notion-block-367635b9271c80748f1afbdf524f2c8b"> </div><div class="notion-text notion-block-367635b9271c803e8355c8eaa1c48b8d">“莺迁仁里，安宅京室。”</div><div class="notion-blank notion-block-367635b9271c80108289fd4b57339d03"> </div><div class="notion-text notion-block-367635b9271c80c6b0f5d97f6bf34c80">“不啻天壤”</div><div class="notion-blank notion-block-367635b9271c80e89a21e5f1f6b93d59"> </div><div class="notion-text notion-block-367635b9271c80518ba8cf1d0e67c93b">“他从来没见到这样的眼神：惶惑、涣散、恐慌、惊恐……就算是吴道子也未必能摹画出来。”</div><div class="notion-blank notion-block-367635b9271c805896d5ee914e474c19"> </div><div class="notion-text notion-block-367635b9271c8013bc60d3a596d8d4a0">“荔枝的物性，一日色变，两日香变”</div><div class="notion-text notion-block-367635b9271c80ee86ced1d4cadb8e27">“明媚的日光从窗牖空隙洒进来，却不能带来哪怕一点点振奋。”</div><div class="notion-text notion-block-367635b9271c80c8ba25e40afc9b8837">“云想衣裳花想容，春风拂槛露华浓。若非群玉山头见，会向瑶台月下逢。” </div><div class="notion-blank notion-block-367635b9271c809bab99d7034f7a0345"> </div><div class="notion-text notion-block-367635b9271c802d93b6d1151984f638">出门日已远，不受徒旅欺。
骨肉恩岂断，男儿死无时。
走马脱辔头，手中挑青丝。
捷下万仞冈，俯身试搴旗。</div></main></div>]]></content:encoded>
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        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[LM Studio本地部署蒸馏化模型]]></title>
            <link>https://www.temaorou.top/article/example-8</link>
            <guid>https://www.temaorou.top/article/example-8</guid>
            <pubDate>Sun, 20 Apr 2025 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[仅供列表展示、文章无内容]]></description>
            <content:encoded><![CDATA[<div id="notion-article" class="mx-auto overflow-hidden "><main class="notion light-mode notion-page notion-block-5ab635b9271c82fc951f016e6ce58d76"><div class="notion-viewport"></div><div class="notion-collection-page-properties"></div><div class="notion-callout notion-gray_background_co notion-block-044635b9271c82a4bb918163da50b446"><div class="notion-page-icon-inline notion-page-icon-span"><span class="notion-page-icon" role="img" aria-label="😀">😀</span></div><div class="notion-callout-text">这里写文章的前言：
一个简单的开头,简述这篇文章讨论的问题、目标、人物、背景是什么？并简述你给出的答案。<div class="notion-text notion-block-979635b9271c8379afe5811a92cda8f3">可以说说你的故事：阻碍、努力、结果成果，意外与转折。</div></div></div><h3 class="notion-h notion-h2 notion-h-indent-0 notion-block-367635b9271c807897e2f04a8ba1da77" data-id="367635b9271c807897e2f04a8ba1da77"><span><div id="367635b9271c807897e2f04a8ba1da77" class="notion-header-anchor"></div><a class="notion-hash-link" href="#367635b9271c807897e2f04a8ba1da77" title="前言"><svg viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16" height="16"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M7.775 3.275a.75.75 0 001.06 1.06l1.25-1.25a2 2 0 112.83 2.83l-2.5 2.5a2 2 0 01-2.83 0 .75.75 0 00-1.06 1.06 3.5 3.5 0 004.95 0l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95-4.95l-1.25 1.25zm-4.69 9.64a2 2 0 010-2.83l2.5-2.5a2 2 0 012.83 0 .75.75 0 001.06-1.06 3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95 0l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 004.95 4.95l1.25-1.25a.75.75 0 00-1.06-1.06l-1.25 1.25a2 2 0 01-2.83 0z"></path></svg></a><span class="notion-h-title"><b>前言</b></span></span></h3><blockquote class="notion-quote notion-block-367635b9271c80d29cb5cb0b7673026a"><div>AI发展迅速，都说我们目前正身处于AI时代🌏</div><div class="notion-text notion-block-367635b9271c80449d1df1cae132fb1e">人工智能（AI）技术正以前所未有的速度改变着我们的生活和工作方式🙇‍♂️</div><div class="notion-text notion-block-367635b9271c80cda747c9b69a00792e">本地部署模型呢，可以一定程度保证我们数据隐私和安全🙅‍♂️</div><div class="notion-text notion-block-367635b9271c8024a5ccd590a17bd357">还可以摆脱网络限制，提高数据处理的速度💫</div><div class="notion-text notion-block-367635b9271c80129faaf37fd2621ceb">结合我们自己的设备性能可以选择不同参数的模型，比较灵活👍</div></blockquote><div class="notion-text notion-block-367635b9271c80c0ac8ac811bc50e59c">开始部署之前首先需要说明，由于本地硬件设备性能存在局限🤦‍♀️，我们大部分用户可能只能部署简单4b或8b模型，这些模型的实际表现或许达不到部分用户的预期，对于设备条件不够高的用户不妨直接选择现成的云端服务也是不错的选择，不必执着于本地部署。🦄</div><h3 class="notion-h notion-h2 notion-h-indent-0 notion-block-367635b9271c80ba9e0aee287bf953d9" data-id="367635b9271c80ba9e0aee287bf953d9"><span><div id="367635b9271c80ba9e0aee287bf953d9" class="notion-header-anchor"></div><a class="notion-hash-link" href="#367635b9271c80ba9e0aee287bf953d9" title="快速开始"><svg viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16" height="16"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M7.775 3.275a.75.75 0 001.06 1.06l1.25-1.25a2 2 0 112.83 2.83l-2.5 2.5a2 2 0 01-2.83 0 .75.75 0 00-1.06 1.06 3.5 3.5 0 004.95 0l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95-4.95l-1.25 1.25zm-4.69 9.64a2 2 0 010-2.83l2.5-2.5a2 2 0 012.83 0 .75.75 0 001.06-1.06 3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95 0l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 004.95 4.95l1.25-1.25a.75.75 0 00-1.06-1.06l-1.25 1.25a2 2 0 01-2.83 0z"></path></svg></a><span class="notion-h-title"><b>快速开始</b></span></span></h3><div class="notion-text notion-block-367635b9271c80518edec5a2dfa98aab">首先下载LM Studio,打开LM Studio的官网，目前支持Win、Linux和Mac的M系列，英特尔系列的话了解下<code class="notion-inline-code">Ollama</code>进行部署吧。</div><div class="notion-row"><a class="notion-bookmark notion-block-36d635b9271c800d90b4fcbfd5442610" href="https://lmstudio.ai/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer"><div><div class="notion-bookmark-title">LM Studio - Local AI on your computer</div><div class="notion-bookmark-description">Run local AI models like gpt-oss, Llama, Gemma, Qwen, and DeepSeek privately on your computer.</div><div class="notion-bookmark-link"><div class="notion-bookmark-link-icon"><img src="https://www.notion.so/image/https%3A%2F%2Flmstudio.ai%2Ffavicon.ico?table=block&amp;id=36d635b9-271c-800d-90b4-fcbfd5442610&amp;t=36d635b9-271c-800d-90b4-fcbfd5442610" alt="LM Studio - Local AI on your computer" loading="lazy" decoding="async"/></div><div class="notion-bookmark-link-text">https://lmstudio.ai/</div></div></div><div class="notion-bookmark-image"><img style="object-fit:cover" src="https://www.notion.so/image/https%3A%2F%2Ffiles.lmstudio.ai%2F6-model-link-og.png?table=block&amp;id=36d635b9-271c-800d-90b4-fcbfd5442610&amp;t=36d635b9-271c-800d-90b4-fcbfd5442610" alt="LM Studio - Local AI on your computer" loading="lazy" decoding="async"/></div></a></div><figure class="notion-asset-wrapper notion-asset-wrapper-image notion-block-367635b9271c804b8ef1db97494a1986"><div style="position:relative;display:flex;justify-content:center;align-self:center;width:100%;max-width:100%;flex-direction:column"><img src="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Tmerowr/pic/main/img/%E4%BF%AE%E5%A4%8D%E4%B8%8D%E5%90%8C%E6%AD%A5-%E5%B0%81%E9%9D%A2.webp?spaceId=e62635b9-271c-811e-8073-000319d77bc7&amp;t=367635b9-271c-804b-8ef1-db97494a1986" alt="1.下载 拷贝.webp" loading="lazy" decoding="async"/></div></figure><div class="notion-text notion-block-367635b9271c80959fc5e78a9840c257">安装步骤一直点下一步即可，默认英文，可以点右下角小齿轮，在语言选项内选择“简体中文”</div><figure class="notion-asset-wrapper notion-asset-wrapper-image notion-block-367635b9271c80379cd6fbf3717be6db"><div style="position:relative;display:flex;justify-content:center;align-self:center;width:100%;max-width:100%;flex-direction:column"><img src="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Tmerowr/pic/main/img/%E4%BF%AE%E5%A4%8D%E4%B8%8D%E5%90%8C%E6%AD%A5-%E5%B0%81%E9%9D%A2.webp?spaceId=e62635b9-271c-811e-8073-000319d77bc7&amp;t=367635b9-271c-8037-9cd6-fbf3717be6db" alt="2.语言.webp" loading="lazy" decoding="async"/></div></figure><h4 class="notion-h notion-h3 notion-h-indent-1 notion-block-367635b9271c80718e1ef5bf7218ede8" data-id="367635b9271c80718e1ef5bf7218ede8"><span><div id="367635b9271c80718e1ef5bf7218ede8" class="notion-header-anchor"></div><a class="notion-hash-link" href="#367635b9271c80718e1ef5bf7218ede8" title="模型下载"><svg viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16" height="16"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M7.775 3.275a.75.75 0 001.06 1.06l1.25-1.25a2 2 0 112.83 2.83l-2.5 2.5a2 2 0 01-2.83 0 .75.75 0 00-1.06 1.06 3.5 3.5 0 004.95 0l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95-4.95l-1.25 1.25zm-4.69 9.64a2 2 0 010-2.83l2.5-2.5a2 2 0 012.83 0 .75.75 0 001.06-1.06 3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95 0l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 004.95 4.95l1.25-1.25a.75.75 0 00-1.06-1.06l-1.25 1.25a2 2 0 01-2.83 0z"></path></svg></a><span class="notion-h-title"><b>模型下载</b></span></span></h4><div class="notion-text notion-block-367635b9271c8092bb95c42e3a24439c">由于<code class="notion-inline-code">huggingface.co</code>在国内没办法直接访问，直接在LMStudio下载模型，</div><div class="notion-text notion-block-367635b9271c80aa88fce1b7a1313ebf">大概率会遇到这种情况：Model details error:fetchf ailed</div><div class="notion-text notion-block-367635b9271c80719117ecb47c479089">可以前往huggingface.co的国内镜像<span class="notion-inline-underscore">hf-mirror.com</span>进行模型下载，</div><div class="notion-text notion-block-367635b9271c80b7b17fead1db9618bc">我们先下载一个<span class="notion-inline-underscore">DeepSeek-R1-Distill-Qwen-7B</span>模型玩玩，</div><div class="notion-text notion-block-367635b9271c8054bd23fd40922a48ed">下载地址：<b><a class="notion-link" href="https://hf-mirror.com/lmstudio-community/DeepSeek-R1-Distill-Qwen-7B-GGUF/tree/main" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">7B模型</a></b></div><div class="notion-text notion-block-367635b9271c800dace4d11f362d9271"><b><a class="notion-link" href="https://hf-mirror.com/lmstudio-community/DeepSeek-R1-Distill-Qwen-7B-GGUF/tree/main" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">https://hf-mirror.com/lmstudio-community/DeepSeek-R1-Distill-Qwen-7B-GGUF/tree/main</a></b></div><figure class="notion-asset-wrapper notion-asset-wrapper-image notion-block-367635b9271c802d97b2e907fedb5b21"><div style="position:relative;display:flex;justify-content:center;align-self:center;width:100%;max-width:100%;flex-direction:column"><img src="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Tmerowr/pic/main/img/%E4%BF%AE%E5%A4%8D%E4%B8%8D%E5%90%8C%E6%AD%A5-%E5%B0%81%E9%9D%A2.webp?spaceId=e62635b9-271c-811e-8073-000319d77bc7&amp;t=367635b9-271c-802d-97b2-e907fedb5b21" alt="4.模型列表 拷贝.webp" loading="lazy" decoding="async"/></div></figure><div class="notion-text notion-block-367635b9271c80ba8186f9d866070120">打开后可以看到4个gguf模型文件，在LLM语言模型领域，Q3、Q4、Q6、Q8代表着不同量化位数的量化模型，及分别将模型参数以3位、4位、6位、8位来存储和计算，模型量化类型越大，意味着有更高的精度，但也会带来更大的内存占用以及更大的计算成本。</div><div class="notion-text notion-block-367635b9271c80d5963fe9c2a9e6aa18">当然，如果你的网路通畅，可以在<code class="notion-inline-code">发现</code>栏直接下载</div><figure class="notion-asset-wrapper notion-asset-wrapper-image notion-block-367635b9271c80c2b271c9ac9c1f046d"><div style="position:relative;display:flex;justify-content:center;align-self:center;width:100%;max-width:100%;flex-direction:column"><img src="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Tmerowr/pic/main/img/%E4%BF%AE%E5%A4%8D%E4%B8%8D%E5%90%8C%E6%AD%A5-%E5%B0%81%E9%9D%A2.webp?spaceId=e62635b9-271c-811e-8073-000319d77bc7&amp;t=367635b9-271c-80c2-b271-c9ac9c1f046d" alt="3.模型下载.webp" loading="lazy" decoding="async"/></div></figure><h4 class="notion-h notion-h3 notion-h-indent-1 notion-block-367635b9271c80329ddaf630d3d4b905" data-id="367635b9271c80329ddaf630d3d4b905"><span><div id="367635b9271c80329ddaf630d3d4b905" class="notion-header-anchor"></div><a class="notion-hash-link" href="#367635b9271c80329ddaf630d3d4b905" title="模型导入"><svg viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16" height="16"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M7.775 3.275a.75.75 0 001.06 1.06l1.25-1.25a2 2 0 112.83 2.83l-2.5 2.5a2 2 0 01-2.83 0 .75.75 0 00-1.06 1.06 3.5 3.5 0 004.95 0l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95-4.95l-1.25 1.25zm-4.69 9.64a2 2 0 010-2.83l2.5-2.5a2 2 0 012.83 0 .75.75 0 001.06-1.06 3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95 0l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 004.95 4.95l1.25-1.25a.75.75 0 00-1.06-1.06l-1.25 1.25a2 2 0 01-2.83 0z"></path></svg></a><span class="notion-h-title"><b>模型导入</b></span></span></h4><div class="notion-text notion-block-367635b9271c80e6b93ffd1b7f4140d1">模型下载以后，是一个独立的gguf文件，打开LM Studio<code class="notion-inline-code">我的模型</code>，找到模型目录，点击右侧路径设置，选择模型存放的路径加载即可。</div><div class="notion-text notion-block-367635b9271c80609af8fe3c93f19c4a">比如我就是存放在外接的移动硬盘里，不占用Mac的本地储存空间。</div><div class="notion-text notion-block-367635b9271c80008762e0887b180967">设置好模型目录以后，LM Studio无需重启，会自动刷新模型目录，列表显示出我们下载的gguf模型即表示已经成功了。</div><div class="notion-text notion-block-367635b9271c803a8dddd5d49e0dd6aa">插入图片</div><h4 class="notion-h notion-h3 notion-h-indent-1 notion-block-367635b9271c806a9aa2f5e8dbb827da" data-id="367635b9271c806a9aa2f5e8dbb827da"><span><div id="367635b9271c806a9aa2f5e8dbb827da" class="notion-header-anchor"></div><a class="notion-hash-link" href="#367635b9271c806a9aa2f5e8dbb827da" title="开始对话"><svg viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16" height="16"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M7.775 3.275a.75.75 0 001.06 1.06l1.25-1.25a2 2 0 112.83 2.83l-2.5 2.5a2 2 0 01-2.83 0 .75.75 0 00-1.06 1.06 3.5 3.5 0 004.95 0l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95-4.95l-1.25 1.25zm-4.69 9.64a2 2 0 010-2.83l2.5-2.5a2 2 0 012.83 0 .75.75 0 001.06-1.06 3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95 0l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 004.95 4.95l1.25-1.25a.75.75 0 00-1.06-1.06l-1.25 1.25a2 2 0 01-2.83 0z"></path></svg></a><span class="notion-h-title"><b>开始对话</b></span></span></h4><div class="notion-text notion-block-367635b9271c806586afd29243e1aed2">返回LM Studio<code class="notion-inline-code">聊天</code> 界面,在顶部选择模型，模型参数默认即可，</div><div class="notion-text notion-block-367635b9271c80e18f86f5a561bd41a8">对模型参数感兴趣的可以自行ai问答研究，等模型加载完毕就可以发送消息进行对话啦🏄</div><figure class="notion-asset-wrapper notion-asset-wrapper-image notion-block-367635b9271c80108057c134e81acf3d"><div style="position:relative;display:flex;justify-content:center;align-self:center;width:100%;max-width:100%;flex-direction:column"><img src="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Tmerowr/pic/main/img/%E4%BF%AE%E5%A4%8D%E4%B8%8D%E5%90%8C%E6%AD%A5-%E5%B0%81%E9%9D%A2.webp?spaceId=e62635b9-271c-811e-8073-000319d77bc7&amp;t=367635b9-271c-8010-8057-c134e81acf3d" alt="4.开始使用 拷贝.webp" loading="lazy" decoding="async"/></div></figure><div class="notion-text notion-block-367635b9271c803388cec70b22c9b290">LM Studio还支持显示模型的深度思考过程，挺有意思的。</div><h3 class="notion-h notion-h2 notion-h-indent-0 notion-block-367635b9271c808987dac1c99850b51b" data-id="367635b9271c808987dac1c99850b51b"><span><div id="367635b9271c808987dac1c99850b51b" class="notion-header-anchor"></div><a class="notion-hash-link" href="#367635b9271c808987dac1c99850b51b" title="模型选择"><svg viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16" height="16"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M7.775 3.275a.75.75 0 001.06 1.06l1.25-1.25a2 2 0 112.83 2.83l-2.5 2.5a2 2 0 01-2.83 0 .75.75 0 00-1.06 1.06 3.5 3.5 0 004.95 0l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95-4.95l-1.25 1.25zm-4.69 9.64a2 2 0 010-2.83l2.5-2.5a2 2 0 012.83 0 .75.75 0 001.06-1.06 3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95 0l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 004.95 4.95l1.25-1.25a.75.75 0 00-1.06-1.06l-1.25 1.25a2 2 0 01-2.83 0z"></path></svg></a><span class="notion-h-title"><b>模型选择</b></span></span></h3><div class="notion-text notion-block-367635b9271c802ba8e8e08df326662e">最后简单科普一下模型的一些相关知识；</div><ul class="notion-list notion-list-disc notion-block-367635b9271c8030a2d2e28f05c650f3"><li>什么是模型的蒸馏版？模型的蒸馏版就是通过模型蒸馏技术，将一个大型的、复杂的<code class="notion-inline-code">教师模型</code> 的知识转移到一个小型的、简单的<code class="notion-inline-code">学生模型</code> 后得到的版本。比如以本文使用的DeepSeek-R1-Distill-Qwen-7B模型为例，具体含义如下：</li></ul><ul class="notion-list notion-list-disc notion-block-367635b9271c80378ea6dcb8de0e46c3"><li>DeepSeek-R1：是指基础的教师模型，即671B的高性能推理模型DeepSeek-R1。</li></ul><ul class="notion-list notion-list-disc notion-block-367635b9271c80a5b1afc41bba9c20f6"><li>Distill：表示这是经过处理得到的模型版本，代表该模型是通过将DeepSeek-R1模型的知识迁移到其他模型而产生的。</li><ul class="notion-list notion-list-disc notion-block-367635b9271c80a5b1afc41bba9c20f6"><div class="notion-text notion-block-367635b9271c80669a76d03df41f052c">蒸馏技术</div></ul></ul><ul class="notion-list notion-list-disc notion-block-367635b9271c80eabc84e483daabc2c1"><li>Qwen-7B：代表以Qwen2.5系列中的7B模型作为学生模型，接受来自DeepSeek-R1的知识蒸馏，其中Qwen是阿里云的通义千问大模型，7B表示该模型具有。</li><ul class="notion-list notion-list-disc notion-block-367635b9271c80eabc84e483daabc2c1"><div class="notion-text notion-block-367635b9271c80cfa4a4e0e50d353157">70亿个参数</div></ul></ul><div class="notion-text notion-block-367635b9271c80e8a9b5d275a283b62d">可见，本地部署的这个蒸馏模型并不是原版的模型，该模型可以看作是一个新的模型，所以性能要求降低的同时也不要指望结果和原版相近</div><div class="notion-text notion-block-367635b9271c8052afbce4463a2d33fd">为了更好的体验，在模型选择上，建议先追求更大参数的量的模型（14B、32B、70B等)，然后再根据可用内存选择量化程度（Q3、Q4、Q6、Q8等），至于选择Qwen还是Llama,<span class="notion-inline-underscore">中文任务的话建议选择Qwen。</span></div><h4 class="notion-h notion-h3 notion-h-indent-1 notion-block-367635b9271c8090ac9ef0eb4363854c" data-id="367635b9271c8090ac9ef0eb4363854c"><span><div id="367635b9271c8090ac9ef0eb4363854c" class="notion-header-anchor"></div><a class="notion-hash-link" href="#367635b9271c8090ac9ef0eb4363854c" title="个人建议"><svg viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16" height="16"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M7.775 3.275a.75.75 0 001.06 1.06l1.25-1.25a2 2 0 112.83 2.83l-2.5 2.5a2 2 0 01-2.83 0 .75.75 0 00-1.06 1.06 3.5 3.5 0 004.95 0l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95-4.95l-1.25 1.25zm-4.69 9.64a2 2 0 010-2.83l2.5-2.5a2 2 0 012.83 0 .75.75 0 001.06-1.06 3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95 0l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 004.95 4.95l1.25-1.25a.75.75 0 00-1.06-1.06l-1.25 1.25a2 2 0 01-2.83 0z"></path></svg></a><span class="notion-h-title"><b>个人建议</b></span></span></h4><div class="notion-text notion-block-367635b9271c80878c0affcdd0fc11e7">由于Apple Silicon的Mac使用了统一内存（内存显存共享），Mac电脑的16GB内存选7B参数量Q4量化模型，32GB内存选14B参数量Q4量化的模型。Windows平台要注意显存大小，显存不够可以使用内存来凑，但性能是没办法跟显存比的。</div><h3 class="notion-h notion-h2 notion-h-indent-0 notion-block-367635b9271c8048b560c9781d162b7b" data-id="367635b9271c8048b560c9781d162b7b"><span><div id="367635b9271c8048b560c9781d162b7b" class="notion-header-anchor"></div><a class="notion-hash-link" href="#367635b9271c8048b560c9781d162b7b" title="常见错误"><svg viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16" height="16"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M7.775 3.275a.75.75 0 001.06 1.06l1.25-1.25a2 2 0 112.83 2.83l-2.5 2.5a2 2 0 01-2.83 0 .75.75 0 00-1.06 1.06 3.5 3.5 0 004.95 0l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95-4.95l-1.25 1.25zm-4.69 9.64a2 2 0 010-2.83l2.5-2.5a2 2 0 012.83 0 .75.75 0 001.06-1.06 3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95 0l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 004.95 4.95l1.25-1.25a.75.75 0 00-1.06-1.06l-1.25 1.25a2 2 0 01-2.83 0z"></path></svg></a><span class="notion-h-title"><b>常见错误</b></span></span></h3><div class="notion-text notion-block-367635b9271c80e1855bccdb741498ec">错误—:The model has crashed with out additional information.（Exitcode:5)</div><div class="notion-text notion-block-367635b9271c80858d8ee1ab57ddddb6">模型可以运行，但是运行过程中出现了内存不足，可尝试换个内存要求更低的模型。</div><div class="notion-text notion-block-367635b9271c80f695ddc0c1524ede37">错误二：Model loading aborted due to insufficient system resources.Overloading the system will likely causeit to freeze.If you believe this is a mistake,you can try to change the model loading guardrails in the settings.</div><div class="notion-text notion-block-367635b9271c80eab7a8fc66f7ba6f1c">内存不足导致模型无法运行，可尝试换个内存要求更低的模型。</div><h3 class="notion-h notion-h2 notion-h-indent-0 notion-block-367635b9271c80d78e6ce42ae50814b4" data-id="367635b9271c80d78e6ce42ae50814b4"><span><div id="367635b9271c80d78e6ce42ae50814b4" class="notion-header-anchor"></div><a class="notion-hash-link" href="#367635b9271c80d78e6ce42ae50814b4" title="结语"><svg viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16" height="16"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M7.775 3.275a.75.75 0 001.06 1.06l1.25-1.25a2 2 0 112.83 2.83l-2.5 2.5a2 2 0 01-2.83 0 .75.75 0 00-1.06 1.06 3.5 3.5 0 004.95 0l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95-4.95l-1.25 1.25zm-4.69 9.64a2 2 0 010-2.83l2.5-2.5a2 2 0 012.83 0 .75.75 0 001.06-1.06 3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95 0l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 004.95 4.95l1.25-1.25a.75.75 0 00-1.06-1.06l-1.25 1.25a2 2 0 01-2.83 0z"></path></svg></a><span class="notion-h-title"><b>结语</b></span></span></h3><div class="notion-text notion-block-367635b9271c80afb58ce1a7f5cc8006">本地部署和在线使用各有利弊，有需要的小伙伴可以体验一下，由于大部分用户的硬件性能有限，现阶段本地部署对大部分人来说依然是伪需求，使用云端的模型无论性能还是回答结果，都比本地要好很多。</div></main></div>]]></content:encoded>
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            <title><![CDATA[Windows桌面宠物 CodeX-Pet]]></title>
            <link>https://www.temaorou.top/article/36d635b9-271c-80b9-99e0-cb45cf0b40c7</link>
            <guid>https://www.temaorou.top/article/36d635b9-271c-80b9-99e0-cb45cf0b40c7</guid>
            <pubDate>Wed, 27 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[一款可爱的Win桌面宠物应用]]></description>
            <content:encoded><![CDATA[<div id="notion-article" class="mx-auto overflow-hidden "><main class="notion light-mode notion-page notion-block-36d635b9271c80b999e0cb45cf0b40c7"><div class="notion-viewport"></div><div class="notion-collection-page-properties"></div><div class="notion-callout notion-gray_background_co notion-block-36d635b9271c8034b145d30ac49da530"><div class="notion-page-icon-inline notion-page-icon-span"><span class="notion-page-icon" role="img" aria-label="😀">😀</span></div><div class="notion-callout-text">一款Windows桌面宠物程序，支持多宠物生成、自动行为、键盘交互控制哦。</div></div><h2 class="notion-h notion-h1 notion-h-indent-0 notion-block-36d635b9271c8061a94ad62a8f622772" data-id="36d635b9271c8061a94ad62a8f622772"><span><div id="36d635b9271c8061a94ad62a8f622772" class="notion-header-anchor"></div><a class="notion-hash-link" href="#36d635b9271c8061a94ad62a8f622772" title="📝 快速指南"><svg viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16" height="16"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M7.775 3.275a.75.75 0 001.06 1.06l1.25-1.25a2 2 0 112.83 2.83l-2.5 2.5a2 2 0 01-2.83 0 .75.75 0 00-1.06 1.06 3.5 3.5 0 004.95 0l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95-4.95l-1.25 1.25zm-4.69 9.64a2 2 0 010-2.83l2.5-2.5a2 2 0 012.83 0 .75.75 0 001.06-1.06 3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95 0l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 004.95 4.95l1.25-1.25a.75.75 0 00-1.06-1.06l-1.25 1.25a2 2 0 01-2.83 0z"></path></svg></a><span class="notion-h-title">📝 快速指南</span></span></h2><ul class="notion-list notion-list-disc notion-block-36d635b9271c804b88acfb7f9be134c8"><li>下载codex-pet安装版，<span class="notion-teal">存放位置随意</span>。</li></ul><ul class="notion-list notion-list-disc notion-block-36d635b9271c80128f54db34ac5dcf9b"><li>新建 <code class="notion-inline-code">exe</code> 同级文件夹 <code class="notion-inline-code">my-pet/</code> ，用于存放宠物的json和精灵图集（可从 <code class="notion-inline-code">codex-pets</code> 或者 <code class="notion-inline-code">petdex</code> 下载）</li></ul><ul class="notion-list notion-list-disc notion-block-36d635b9271c80db9e67ec19c05fdc2f"><li>运行 <code class="notion-inline-code">exe</code> ，通过宠物选择器窗口预览卡通形象、名称和描述</li></ul><hr class="notion-hr notion-block-36d635b9271c8092804dc7dfdde2315e"/><div class="notion-blank notion-block-36d635b9271c80a692d5f983940bba6a"> </div><div class="notion-file notion-block-36d635b9271c8034bc2ef23f89879242"><a class="notion-file-link" href="https://file.notion.so/f/f/e62635b9-271c-811e-8073-000319d77bc7/eeeb1eb5-f716-414d-ac00-71c42c43ae9a/codex-pet.7z?table=block&amp;id=36d635b9-271c-8034-bc2e-f23f89879242&amp;spaceId=e62635b9-271c-811e-8073-000319d77bc7&amp;expirationTimestamp=1779904800000&amp;signature=TQHlyJR0UvXuJP_luOQ3Dz9QyaBsSoCsbtI_tMaNuj4" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer"><svg class="notion-file-icon" viewBox="0 0 30 30"><path d="M22,8v12c0,3.866-3.134,7-7,7s-7-3.134-7-7V8c0-2.762,2.238-5,5-5s5,2.238,5,5v12c0,1.657-1.343,3-3,3s-3-1.343-3-3V8h-2v12c0,2.762,2.238,5,5,5s5-2.238,5-5V8c0-3.866-3.134-7-7-7S6,4.134,6,8v12c0,4.971,4.029,9,9,9s9-4.029,9-9V8H22z"></path></svg><div class="notion-file-info"><div class="notion-file-title">codex-pet.7z</div><div class="notion-file-size">8.9 KiB</div></div></a></div><div class="notion-row"><a class="notion-bookmark notion-block-36d635b9271c800faf65f884e2306d9a" href="https://petdex.crafter.run/zh" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer"><div><div class="notion-bookmark-title">Petdex: 适用于 Codex 的动画伙伴</div><div class="notion-bookmark-description">Petdex 是 Codex 动画宠物的公开图库。你可以浏览开源宠物、预览动画状态，并用一条命令安装到本地。</div><div class="notion-bookmark-link"><div class="notion-bookmark-link-icon"><img src="https://www.notion.so/image/https%3A%2F%2Fpetdex.crafter.run%2Ffavicon.ico%3Ffavicon.0p9y8afaj1rjl.ico?table=block&amp;id=36d635b9-271c-800f-af65-f884e2306d9a&amp;t=36d635b9-271c-800f-af65-f884e2306d9a" alt="Petdex: 适用于 Codex 的动画伙伴" loading="lazy" decoding="async"/></div><div class="notion-bookmark-link-text">https://petdex.crafter.run/zh</div></div></div><div class="notion-bookmark-image"><img style="object-fit:cover" src="https://www.notion.so/image/https%3A%2F%2Fpetdex.crafter.run%2Fapi%2Fog?table=block&amp;id=36d635b9-271c-800f-af65-f884e2306d9a&amp;t=36d635b9-271c-800f-af65-f884e2306d9a" alt="Petdex: 适用于 Codex 的动画伙伴" loading="lazy" decoding="async"/></div></a></div><div class="notion-row"><a class="notion-bookmark notion-block-36d635b9271c808a99c2f8aced48497f" href="https://codex-pets.net/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer"><div><div class="notion-bookmark-title">Codex Pets</div><div class="notion-bookmark-description">A shareable home for pixel pets.</div><div class="notion-bookmark-link"><div class="notion-bookmark-link-icon"><img src="https://www.notion.so/image/https%3A%2F%2Fcodex-pets.net%2Ffavicon.ico?table=block&amp;id=36d635b9-271c-808a-99c2-f8aced48497f&amp;t=36d635b9-271c-808a-99c2-f8aced48497f" alt="Codex Pets" loading="lazy" decoding="async"/></div><div class="notion-bookmark-link-text">https://codex-pets.net/</div></div></div><div class="notion-bookmark-image"><img style="object-fit:cover" src="https://www.notion.so/image/https%3A%2F%2Fcodex-pets.net%2Fassets%2Fpetshare-social-preview.png?table=block&amp;id=36d635b9-271c-808a-99c2-f8aced48497f&amp;t=36d635b9-271c-808a-99c2-f8aced48497f" alt="Codex Pets" loading="lazy" decoding="async"/></div></a></div><div class="notion-blank notion-block-36d635b9271c8058a7a3c0901231726a"> </div><h2 class="notion-h notion-h1 notion-h-indent-0 notion-block-36d635b9271c80178351ce1883ef9a79" data-id="36d635b9271c80178351ce1883ef9a79"><span><div id="36d635b9271c80178351ce1883ef9a79" class="notion-header-anchor"></div><a class="notion-hash-link" href="#36d635b9271c80178351ce1883ef9a79" title="😉 存放目录"><svg viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16" height="16"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M7.775 3.275a.75.75 0 001.06 1.06l1.25-1.25a2 2 0 112.83 2.83l-2.5 2.5a2 2 0 01-2.83 0 .75.75 0 00-1.06 1.06 3.5 3.5 0 004.95 0l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95-4.95l-1.25 1.25zm-4.69 9.64a2 2 0 010-2.83l2.5-2.5a2 2 0 012.83 0 .75.75 0 001.06-1.06 3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95 0l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 004.95 4.95l1.25-1.25a.75.75 0 00-1.06-1.06l-1.25 1.25a2 2 0 01-2.83 0z"></path></svg></a><span class="notion-h-title">😉 存放目录</span></span></h2><h2 class="notion-h notion-h1 notion-h-indent-0 notion-block-36d635b9271c800f94c4e7661fd38a7d" data-id="36d635b9271c800f94c4e7661fd38a7d"><span><div id="36d635b9271c800f94c4e7661fd38a7d" class="notion-header-anchor"></div><a class="notion-hash-link" href="#36d635b9271c800f94c4e7661fd38a7d" title="🤗 操作说明"><svg viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16" height="16"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M7.775 3.275a.75.75 0 001.06 1.06l1.25-1.25a2 2 0 112.83 2.83l-2.5 2.5a2 2 0 01-2.83 0 .75.75 0 00-1.06 1.06 3.5 3.5 0 004.95 0l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95-4.95l-1.25 1.25zm-4.69 9.64a2 2 0 010-2.83l2.5-2.5a2 2 0 012.83 0 .75.75 0 001.06-1.06 3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95 0l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 004.95 4.95l1.25-1.25a.75.75 0 00-1.06-1.06l-1.25 1.25a2 2 0 01-2.83 0z"></path></svg></a><span class="notion-h-title">🤗 操作说明</span></span></h2><h4 class="notion-h notion-h3 notion-h-indent-1 notion-block-36d635b9271c80319333e9b6854c1049" data-id="36d635b9271c80319333e9b6854c1049"><span><div id="36d635b9271c80319333e9b6854c1049" class="notion-header-anchor"></div><a class="notion-hash-link" href="#36d635b9271c80319333e9b6854c1049" title="操作说明"><svg viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16" height="16"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M7.775 3.275a.75.75 0 001.06 1.06l1.25-1.25a2 2 0 112.83 2.83l-2.5 2.5a2 2 0 01-2.83 0 .75.75 0 00-1.06 1.06 3.5 3.5 0 004.95 0l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95-4.95l-1.25 1.25zm-4.69 9.64a2 2 0 010-2.83l2.5-2.5a2 2 0 012.83 0 .75.75 0 001.06-1.06 3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95 0l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 004.95 4.95l1.25-1.25a.75.75 0 00-1.06-1.06l-1.25 1.25a2 2 0 01-2.83 0z"></path></svg></a><span class="notion-h-title"><b>操作说明</b></span></span></h4><table class="notion-simple-table notion-block-36d635b9271c8052b959cea9c1b17afb"><tbody><tr class="notion-simple-table-row notion-simple-table-header-row notion-block-36d635b9271c80a1b4c3f6b7909c12e5"><td class="" style="width:138.53125px"><div class="notion-simple-table-cell"><b>按键</b></div></td><td class="" style="width:743px"><div class="notion-simple-table-cell"><b>功能</b></div></td></tr><tr class="notion-simple-table-row notion-block-36d635b9271c803cbf3ecf607a2b6333"><td class="" style="width:138.53125px"><div class="notion-simple-table-cell">Enter</div></td><td class="" style="width:743px"><div class="notion-simple-table-cell">生成当前选中的宠物（可重复生成）</div></td></tr><tr class="notion-simple-table-row notion-block-36d635b9271c80feb342d977bcce195c"><td class="" style="width:138.53125px"><div class="notion-simple-table-cell">Space</div></td><td class="" style="width:743px"><div class="notion-simple-table-cell">跳跃（空中再按空格可实现二段跳）</div></td></tr><tr class="notion-simple-table-row notion-block-36d635b9271c80518026efe0ed8e1c60"><td class="" style="width:138.53125px"><div class="notion-simple-table-cell">Left/Right</div></td><td class="" style="width:743px"><div class="notion-simple-table-cell">向左/右奔跑</div></td></tr><tr class="notion-simple-table-row notion-block-36d635b9271c805ab06ae8124b782550"><td class="" style="width:138.53125px"><div class="notion-simple-table-cell">W</div></td><td class="" style="width:743px"><div class="notion-simple-table-cell">挥手动画</div></td></tr><tr class="notion-simple-table-row notion-block-36d635b9271c80da8902cbd6dc7856bc"><td class="" style="width:138.53125px"><div class="notion-simple-table-cell">E</div></td><td class="" style="width:743px"><div class="notion-simple-table-cell">失败动画</div></td></tr><tr class="notion-simple-table-row notion-block-36d635b9271c801b8d51f52a802c5c5b"><td class="" style="width:138.53125px"><div class="notion-simple-table-cell">Q</div></td><td class="" style="width:743px"><div class="notion-simple-table-cell">等待动画</div></td></tr><tr class="notion-simple-table-row notion-block-36d635b9271c809c982bdcf09b73cf02"><td class="" style="width:138.53125px"><div class="notion-simple-table-cell">R</div></td><td class="" style="width:743px"><div class="notion-simple-table-cell">审查动画</div></td></tr><tr class="notion-simple-table-row notion-block-36d635b9271c808e976fcf69f5f945a0"><td class="" style="width:138.53125px"><div class="notion-simple-table-cell">Esc</div></td><td class="" style="width:743px"><div class="notion-simple-table-cell">关闭焦点宠物 / 退出程序（关闭窗口会退出所有宠物）关闭焦点宠物/ 退出程序（关闭窗口会退出所有宠物）</div></td></tr></tbody></table><blockquote class="notion-quote notion-block-36d635b9271c802aa677fea3e3722292"><div><span class="notion-blue"><b>无操作</b></span><span class="notion-blue">的时候，宠物会在桌面上自由活动哦。</span></div></blockquote><h2 class="notion-h notion-h1 notion-h-indent-0 notion-block-36d635b9271c8082982fde8d41f580ed" data-id="36d635b9271c8082982fde8d41f580ed"><span><div id="36d635b9271c8082982fde8d41f580ed" class="notion-header-anchor"></div><a class="notion-hash-link" href="#36d635b9271c8082982fde8d41f580ed" title="📎 宠物展示"><svg viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16" height="16"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M7.775 3.275a.75.75 0 001.06 1.06l1.25-1.25a2 2 0 112.83 2.83l-2.5 2.5a2 2 0 01-2.83 0 .75.75 0 00-1.06 1.06 3.5 3.5 0 004.95 0l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95-4.95l-1.25 1.25zm-4.69 9.64a2 2 0 010-2.83l2.5-2.5a2 2 0 012.83 0 .75.75 0 001.06-1.06 3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95 0l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 004.95 4.95l1.25-1.25a.75.75 0 00-1.06-1.06l-1.25 1.25a2 2 0 01-2.83 0z"></path></svg></a><span class="notion-h-title">📎 宠物展示</span></span></h2><div class="notion-row notion-block-36d635b9271c8009b40df065a028a1f9"><div class="notion-column notion-block-36d635b9271c808e89bbe1a04cb9cb30" style="width:calc((100% - (3 * min(32px, 4vw))) * 0.25)"><figure class="notion-asset-wrapper notion-asset-wrapper-image notion-block-36d635b9271c8054951be475a950637c"><div style="position:relative;display:flex;justify-content:center;align-self:center;width:191.984375px;max-width:100%;flex-direction:column"><img style="object-fit:cover" src="https://www.notion.so/image/attachment%3A7242cdd5-1154-46c6-9ba9-fc96c76c74de%3Aimage.png?table=block&amp;id=36d635b9-271c-8054-951b-e475a950637c&amp;t=36d635b9-271c-8054-951b-e475a950637c" alt="notion image" loading="lazy" decoding="async"/></div></figure></div><div class="notion-spacer"></div><div class="notion-column notion-block-36d635b9271c80a088b2e260187efd03" style="width:calc((100% - (3 * min(32px, 4vw))) * 0.25)"><figure class="notion-asset-wrapper notion-asset-wrapper-image notion-block-36d635b9271c80128835ec087028642a"><div style="position:relative;display:flex;justify-content:center;align-self:center;width:192px;max-width:100%;flex-direction:column"><img style="object-fit:cover" src="https://www.notion.so/image/attachment%3A14ba9f7c-4779-4701-8e3b-1252503ddd7a%3Aimage.png?table=block&amp;id=36d635b9-271c-8012-8835-ec087028642a&amp;t=36d635b9-271c-8012-8835-ec087028642a" alt="notion image" loading="lazy" decoding="async"/></div></figure></div><div class="notion-spacer"></div><div class="notion-column notion-block-36d635b9271c80219b92dea644572062" style="width:calc((100% - (3 * min(32px, 4vw))) * 0.25)"><figure class="notion-asset-wrapper notion-asset-wrapper-image notion-block-36d635b9271c8094919ecef4e8c2a952"><div style="position:relative;display:flex;justify-content:center;align-self:center;width:192px;max-width:100%;flex-direction:column"><img style="object-fit:cover" src="https://www.notion.so/image/attachment%3A8602d3e5-ba04-4fad-b2c2-cfb0d73000c4%3Aimage.png?table=block&amp;id=36d635b9-271c-8094-919e-cef4e8c2a952&amp;t=36d635b9-271c-8094-919e-cef4e8c2a952" alt="notion image" loading="lazy" decoding="async"/></div></figure></div><div class="notion-spacer"></div><div class="notion-column notion-block-36d635b9271c80fdabd0d0db127ffb5e" style="width:calc((100% - (3 * min(32px, 4vw))) * 0.25)"><figure class="notion-asset-wrapper notion-asset-wrapper-image notion-block-36d635b9271c8010af4ed3bb71e6196d"><div style="position:relative;display:flex;justify-content:center;align-self:center;width:192px;max-width:100%;flex-direction:column"><img style="object-fit:cover" src="https://www.notion.so/image/attachment%3Af995c215-b0a0-41d2-ba41-e3c006d89e0d%3Aimage.png?table=block&amp;id=36d635b9-271c-8010-af4e-d3bb71e6196d&amp;t=36d635b9-271c-8010-af4e-d3bb71e6196d" alt="notion image" loading="lazy" decoding="async"/></div></figure></div><div class="notion-spacer"></div></div><div class="notion-blank notion-block-36d635b9271c8088b9a5e34506eda231"> </div><div class="notion-callout notion-gray_background_co notion-block-36d635b9271c805cadead3fae17781cf"><div class="notion-page-icon-inline notion-page-icon-span"><span class="notion-page-icon" role="img" aria-label="💡">💡</span></div><div class="notion-callout-text">目前最大的问题是，分辨率高的显示器<span class="notion-pink">看起来会比较小</span>，已经反馈作者继续迭代更新了，希望下一版本会体验会更好。</div></div><div class="notion-blank notion-block-36d635b9271c805dbca2e41c47d228fc"> </div></main></div>]]></content:encoded>
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            <title><![CDATA[文章编辑指南]]></title>
            <link>https://www.temaorou.top/article/invisible</link>
            <guid>https://www.temaorou.top/article/invisible</guid>
            <pubDate>Fri, 05 Nov 2021 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[状态不是Published，故不会被显示]]></description>
            <content:encoded><![CDATA[<div id="notion-article" class="mx-auto overflow-hidden "><main class="notion light-mode notion-page notion-block-cfa635b9271c835a9f5a01661c7b412a"><div class="notion-viewport"></div><div class="notion-collection-page-properties"></div><div class="notion-sync-block notion-block-ab0635b9271c82ed93d881773c1a993c"><div class="notion-text notion-block-55c635b9271c822a8e7a01f2eaa71e76">【sync-block】这是一段来自示例文章-3的段落 ，通过 SyncBlock同步。</div></div><div class="notion-text notion-block-49a635b9271c8292ae018169139edebc">这个文章将不会显示</div><h2 class="notion-h notion-h1 notion-h-indent-0 notion-block-367635b9271c8026b7b8cdececad49e7" data-id="367635b9271c8026b7b8cdececad49e7"><span><div id="367635b9271c8026b7b8cdececad49e7" class="notion-header-anchor"></div><a class="notion-hash-link" href="#367635b9271c8026b7b8cdececad49e7" title="如何使用Notion编写文章"><svg viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16" height="16"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M7.775 3.275a.75.75 0 001.06 1.06l1.25-1.25a2 2 0 112.83 2.83l-2.5 2.5a2 2 0 01-2.83 0 .75.75 0 00-1.06 1.06 3.5 3.5 0 004.95 0l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95-4.95l-1.25 1.25zm-4.69 9.64a2 2 0 010-2.83l2.5-2.5a2 2 0 012.83 0 .75.75 0 001.06-1.06 3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95 0l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 004.95 4.95l1.25-1.25a.75.75 0 00-1.06-1.06l-1.25 1.25a2 2 0 01-2.83 0z"></path></svg></a><span class="notion-h-title">如何使用Notion编写文章</span></span></h2><div class="notion-text notion-block-367635b9271c805f824dd6c21311a5e2">请访问教程获取帮助</div><div class="notion-row"><a class="notion-bookmark notion-block-367635b9271c8044a4b3f6862d17f04e" href="https://docs.tangly1024.com/article/start-to-write" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer"><div><div class="notion-bookmark-title">如何在Notion中开始写作 | NotionNext文档</div><div class="notion-bookmark-description">这是一个由NotionNext生成的站点</div><div class="notion-bookmark-link"><div class="notion-bookmark-link-icon"><img src="https://www.notion.so/image/https%3A%2F%2Fdocs.tangly1024.com%2Ffavicon.ico?table=block&amp;id=367635b9-271c-8044-a4b3-f6862d17f04e&amp;t=367635b9-271c-8044-a4b3-f6862d17f04e" alt="如何在Notion中开始写作 | NotionNext文档" loading="lazy" decoding="async"/></div><div class="notion-bookmark-link-text">https://docs.tangly1024.com/article/start-to-write</div></div></div></a></div><div class="notion-row"><a class="notion-bookmark notion-block-367635b9271c80359d25f0d843882478" href="https://docs.tangly1024.com/article/notion-short-key" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer"><div><div class="notion-bookmark-title">Notion快捷键 | NotionNext文档</div><div class="notion-bookmark-description">Notion有很多使用的快捷键，看完这篇文章，让你的效率加倍</div><div class="notion-bookmark-link"><div class="notion-bookmark-link-icon"><img src="https://www.notion.so/image/https%3A%2F%2Fdocs.tangly1024.com%2Ffavicon.ico?table=block&amp;id=367635b9-271c-8035-9d25-f0d843882478&amp;t=367635b9-271c-8035-9d25-f0d843882478" alt="Notion快捷键 | NotionNext文档" loading="lazy" decoding="async"/></div><div class="notion-bookmark-link-text">https://docs.tangly1024.com/article/notion-short-key</div></div></div><div class="notion-bookmark-image"><img style="object-fit:cover" src="https://www.notion.so/image/https%3A%2F%2Fs3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com%2Fsecure.notion-static.com%2Fd4851275-5ab5-4aaa-bc51-77c73ad658c4%2Fe8ed862f23227112ab999a90757a3bf8.jpg?table=block&amp;id=a88d5688-b66a-4baf-a8e8-f769bb210954&amp;width=1080&amp;t=367635b9-271c-8035-9d25-f0d843882478&amp;cache=v2" alt="Notion快捷键 | NotionNext文档" loading="lazy" decoding="async"/></div></a></div><h2 class="notion-h notion-h1 notion-h-indent-0 notion-block-367635b9271c80a381d0d087a58c5f7f" data-id="367635b9271c80a381d0d087a58c5f7f"><span><div id="367635b9271c80a381d0d087a58c5f7f" class="notion-header-anchor"></div><a class="notion-hash-link" href="#367635b9271c80a381d0d087a58c5f7f" title="模板使用说明"><svg viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16" height="16"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M7.775 3.275a.75.75 0 001.06 1.06l1.25-1.25a2 2 0 112.83 2.83l-2.5 2.5a2 2 0 01-2.83 0 .75.75 0 00-1.06 1.06 3.5 3.5 0 004.95 0l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95-4.95l-1.25 1.25zm-4.69 9.64a2 2 0 010-2.83l2.5-2.5a2 2 0 012.83 0 .75.75 0 001.06-1.06 3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95 0l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 004.95 4.95l1.25-1.25a.75.75 0 00-1.06-1.06l-1.25 1.25a2 2 0 01-2.83 0z"></path></svg></a><span class="notion-h-title">模板使用说明</span></span></h2><div class="notion-text notion-block-367635b9271c809190d7d7a3154bdccd">NotionNext项目必须绑定一个Notion数据库才能使用。请访问教程获取帮助</div><div class="notion-row"><a class="notion-bookmark notion-block-367635b9271c803cba8dea99c97b41f1" href="https://docs.tangly1024.com/article/vercel-deploy-notion-next#3df829414795492bb41ec351eb6da84e" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer"><div><div class="notion-bookmark-title">Vercel云部署 | NotionNext文档</div><div class="notion-bookmark-description">Vercel是一款国外的Serverless托管平台，对个人用户使用几乎免费，而且方便快捷，用Vercel托管你的Notion站点，无需再操心服务器的维护与资费问题。</div><div class="notion-bookmark-link"><div class="notion-bookmark-link-icon"><img src="https://www.notion.so/image/https%3A%2F%2Fdocs.tangly1024.com%2Ffavicon.ico?table=block&amp;id=367635b9-271c-803c-ba8d-ea99c97b41f1&amp;t=367635b9-271c-803c-ba8d-ea99c97b41f1" alt="Vercel云部署 | NotionNext文档" loading="lazy" decoding="async"/></div><div class="notion-bookmark-link-text">https://docs.tangly1024.com/article/vercel-deploy-notion-next#3df829414795492bb41ec351eb6da84e</div></div></div><div class="notion-bookmark-image"><img style="object-fit:cover" src="https://www.notion.so/image/https%3A%2F%2Fimages.unsplash.com%2Fphoto-1642083139428-9ee5fa423c46%3Fixlib%3Drb-4.0.3%26q%3D50%26fm%3Dwebp%26crop%3Dentropy%26cs%3Dtinysrgb%26width%3D800%26fmt%3Dwebp?table=block&amp;id=367635b9-271c-803c-ba8d-ea99c97b41f1&amp;t=367635b9-271c-803c-ba8d-ea99c97b41f1" alt="Vercel云部署 | NotionNext文档" loading="lazy" decoding="async"/></div></a></div><div class="notion-blank notion-block-367635b9271c80af99f0eb8f89324cf7"> </div></main></div>]]></content:encoded>
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